WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.510 --> 00:00:05.510 Welcome to Oxford Impact Webinar, 2 00:00:06.000 --> 00:00:09.630 and we're going to be talking about regeneration today 3 00:00:09.630 --> 00:00:12.330 and building community wealth using social finance 4 00:00:12.330 --> 00:00:13.650 as a tool. 5 00:00:13.650 --> 00:00:18.650 There's beautiful Oxford and the sun is shining, no rain, 6 00:00:18.720 --> 00:00:20.790 so that's exciting when you come to Oxford, 7 00:00:20.790 --> 00:00:22.230 this is what you get to see. 8 00:00:22.230 --> 00:00:23.343 Next slide, please. 9 00:00:27.360 --> 00:00:28.830 We're going to talk about several things today, 10 00:00:28.830 --> 00:00:30.990 the whole concept of regeneration. 11 00:00:30.990 --> 00:00:32.760 We talk about sustainable finance, 12 00:00:32.760 --> 00:00:35.070 we talk about sustainable investing. 13 00:00:35.070 --> 00:00:38.430 There's a moment in time the World Economic Forum 14 00:00:38.430 --> 00:00:43.430 has again announced that the top 10 issues facing our planet 15 00:00:44.370 --> 00:00:48.660 that keep leaders awake at night are around climate change, 16 00:00:48.660 --> 00:00:53.190 biodiversity, economic and social unrest, 17 00:00:53.190 --> 00:00:56.280 tied again to climate, climate migration 18 00:00:56.280 --> 00:00:58.050 and the systems of change. 19 00:00:58.050 --> 00:01:00.120 We're going to talk, spend time talking about 20 00:01:00.120 --> 00:01:04.920 how very different perspectives on regeneration, 21 00:01:04.920 --> 00:01:09.270 the ability to actually use capital 22 00:01:09.270 --> 00:01:13.680 to inspire and to have a new way of thinking and acting. 23 00:01:13.680 --> 00:01:15.210 We're going to meet our faculty. 24 00:01:15.210 --> 00:01:16.650 We're often asked... 25 00:01:16.650 --> 00:01:18.390 The handful of our faculty, 26 00:01:18.390 --> 00:01:21.450 we're often asked what happens with our students, 27 00:01:21.450 --> 00:01:22.770 with our alums. 28 00:01:22.770 --> 00:01:25.950 And you're going to get to meet three of them today. 29 00:01:25.950 --> 00:01:28.590 We're also going to talk about an action learning project, 30 00:01:28.590 --> 00:01:32.790 which is unique to social finance and impact investing, 31 00:01:32.790 --> 00:01:36.180 and that students get an opportunity to actually apply 32 00:01:36.180 --> 00:01:37.590 what they learn in the classroom. 33 00:01:37.590 --> 00:01:39.300 Then we're going to talk a little bit about what's next, 34 00:01:39.300 --> 00:01:42.990 masterclasses in social finance coming up in Chicago, 35 00:01:42.990 --> 00:01:44.460 London and Singapore. 36 00:01:44.460 --> 00:01:46.050 And then Steve Brewster, my colleague, 37 00:01:46.050 --> 00:01:49.200 is going to talk about how you can sign up for social finance. 38 00:01:49.200 --> 00:01:50.313 Next slide, please. 39 00:01:52.410 --> 00:01:57.240 Again, this concept of rethinking what's important to us 40 00:01:57.240 --> 00:02:01.900 and how we blend economics and finance with environment 41 00:02:02.880 --> 00:02:06.570 to generate community wealth and wealth building 42 00:02:06.570 --> 00:02:10.170 through this new way of thinking and acting. 43 00:02:10.170 --> 00:02:11.790 How we regreen cities, 44 00:02:11.790 --> 00:02:15.720 how we bring energy conservation to communities, 45 00:02:15.720 --> 00:02:18.570 and how we really, in both our social finance 46 00:02:18.570 --> 00:02:20.550 and impact investing programme 47 00:02:20.550 --> 00:02:23.610 begin investments with the community. 48 00:02:23.610 --> 00:02:25.650 And our colleagues today will talk about 49 00:02:25.650 --> 00:02:27.750 the very unique vantage points 50 00:02:27.750 --> 00:02:30.240 that they bring on regeneration 51 00:02:30.240 --> 00:02:32.610 using social finance as a tool. 52 00:02:32.610 --> 00:02:33.693 Next slide please. 53 00:02:35.550 --> 00:02:38.760 Social finance also deals with the plumbing. 54 00:02:38.760 --> 00:02:42.000 And when we think about how we spend our money, 55 00:02:42.000 --> 00:02:46.710 we've got investors with a hundred plus trillion, advisors, 56 00:02:46.710 --> 00:02:48.240 market facing intermediaries, 57 00:02:48.240 --> 00:02:50.100 community facing intermediaries, 58 00:02:50.100 --> 00:02:51.090 and at the end of the day 59 00:02:51.090 --> 00:02:53.820 the money needs to end up in community. 60 00:02:53.820 --> 00:02:58.440 How we ensure that flow of capital takes place, 61 00:02:58.440 --> 00:03:01.050 public-private philanthropic resources 62 00:03:01.050 --> 00:03:03.780 to ultimately impact communities. 63 00:03:03.780 --> 00:03:06.090 And that's what we're going to examine in social finance. 64 00:03:06.090 --> 00:03:09.063 And when we think about the concept of regeneration, 65 00:03:10.110 --> 00:03:11.220 that's the target. 66 00:03:11.220 --> 00:03:14.370 End of the game, it's planet and people. 67 00:03:14.370 --> 00:03:15.393 Next slide, please. 68 00:03:17.040 --> 00:03:22.040 Again, social finance unlike other areas in our portfolio, 69 00:03:22.770 --> 00:03:25.560 we deal with philanthropy, impact investing, 70 00:03:25.560 --> 00:03:28.980 development finance, as well as ESG, 71 00:03:28.980 --> 00:03:31.590 that entire spectrum of capital, 72 00:03:31.590 --> 00:03:35.550 how we deploy it for lasting systems change. 73 00:03:35.550 --> 00:03:36.603 Next slide please. 74 00:03:38.610 --> 00:03:40.560 And you need to click through this one. 75 00:03:43.260 --> 00:03:44.310 Perfect. Next one. 76 00:03:44.310 --> 00:03:45.160 There's two more. 77 00:03:46.980 --> 00:03:47.813 That's it. 78 00:03:47.813 --> 00:03:50.463 So if we think about just the flow of capital, 79 00:03:51.930 --> 00:03:54.630 Gates Foundation and Coca-Cola, 80 00:03:54.630 --> 00:03:58.590 annual grants versus an ad budget for Coca-Cola, 81 00:03:58.590 --> 00:04:01.650 New York public schools versus Ford Foundation, 82 00:04:01.650 --> 00:04:03.690 that spectrum is really important. 83 00:04:03.690 --> 00:04:06.270 One day in New York public schools 84 00:04:06.270 --> 00:04:10.290 is equivalent of Ford Foundation annual grants. 85 00:04:10.290 --> 00:04:13.320 So how we understand and use public capital, 86 00:04:13.320 --> 00:04:15.840 private capital, philanthropic capital 87 00:04:15.840 --> 00:04:18.450 to accelerate systems change 88 00:04:18.450 --> 00:04:20.160 is really what we're talking about. 89 00:04:20.160 --> 00:04:21.213 Next slide, please. 90 00:04:23.100 --> 00:04:25.140 Again, we use a systems approach, 91 00:04:25.140 --> 00:04:29.730 the interconnectedness and putting a person and planet 92 00:04:29.730 --> 00:04:32.430 at the centre and building investments out, 93 00:04:32.430 --> 00:04:35.430 essential concept and that is what regeneration 94 00:04:35.430 --> 00:04:36.840 is about too. 95 00:04:36.840 --> 00:04:38.193 Next slide please. 96 00:04:41.310 --> 00:04:42.960 And Darius, you're going to have to click through this 97 00:04:42.960 --> 00:04:44.130 a little bit. 98 00:04:44.130 --> 00:04:48.877 This is just one example in India around organisations 99 00:04:49.800 --> 00:04:52.650 involved in climate change. 100 00:04:52.650 --> 00:04:53.483 Next slide. 101 00:04:53.483 --> 00:04:54.660 You got to click through it. There's a few more. 102 00:04:54.660 --> 00:04:56.520 And we think about the system, 103 00:04:56.520 --> 00:04:59.730 those organisations and entities that pick up... 104 00:04:59.730 --> 00:05:00.563 That's okay. 105 00:05:01.800 --> 00:05:03.690 Join us in class and you'll get to understand this 106 00:05:03.690 --> 00:05:04.740 even more. 107 00:05:04.740 --> 00:05:05.823 Next slide, please. 108 00:05:07.920 --> 00:05:12.030 And again, those human security frame 109 00:05:12.030 --> 00:05:15.720 connected to the SDGs is really, really exciting 110 00:05:15.720 --> 00:05:16.560 and really important, 111 00:05:16.560 --> 00:05:19.380 but we see the system, not the silo, 112 00:05:19.380 --> 00:05:22.170 and that's what we bring to the table for social finance. 113 00:05:22.170 --> 00:05:23.193 Next slide, please. 114 00:05:25.200 --> 00:05:26.033 Next slide. 115 00:05:29.744 --> 00:05:32.906 We learn through cases, 116 00:05:32.906 --> 00:05:35.310 and you can click through those. 117 00:05:35.310 --> 00:05:37.680 There'll be a number of cases that we use. 118 00:05:37.680 --> 00:05:39.750 This is actually democracy collaborative. 119 00:05:39.750 --> 00:05:41.490 There's one with UBS 120 00:05:41.490 --> 00:05:44.940 that talks about the development impact bonds, Afram Plains, 121 00:05:44.940 --> 00:05:46.620 around ethics, 122 00:05:46.620 --> 00:05:50.940 but we use real cases based on research, current research, 123 00:05:50.940 --> 00:05:54.090 and we bring you into that research 124 00:05:54.090 --> 00:05:55.920 with the people on the ground, 125 00:05:55.920 --> 00:05:58.140 the people's lives you're trying to to improve. 126 00:05:58.140 --> 00:05:59.133 Next slide, please. 127 00:06:01.470 --> 00:06:02.520 Yep. 128 00:06:02.520 --> 00:06:04.020 Yes, we've got plugs for books. 129 00:06:04.020 --> 00:06:06.990 Now the most important thing for this webinar 130 00:06:06.990 --> 00:06:09.960 is have you get to know your faculty. 131 00:06:09.960 --> 00:06:13.230 And again, we've got remarkable colleagues 132 00:06:13.230 --> 00:06:16.020 taking very different perspectives. 133 00:06:16.020 --> 00:06:18.630 We've got advancing community wealth building, 134 00:06:18.630 --> 00:06:20.220 and democracy collaborative. 135 00:06:20.220 --> 00:06:22.410 Stephanie McHenry is remarkable, 136 00:06:22.410 --> 00:06:24.990 CEO of Democracy Collaborative, 137 00:06:24.990 --> 00:06:28.200 really focused on community wealth building strategies. 138 00:06:28.200 --> 00:06:32.640 We've worked with her colleagues in Scotland 139 00:06:32.640 --> 00:06:33.990 doing international work 140 00:06:33.990 --> 00:06:36.600 as well as Stephanie's going to ground us 141 00:06:36.600 --> 00:06:38.850 in the work that she's done in building 142 00:06:38.850 --> 00:06:40.773 and working at banks, community banks. 143 00:06:41.670 --> 00:06:46.670 Laura is one of our alums, remarkable woman. 144 00:06:46.860 --> 00:06:50.790 I smile because regeneration is her mantra 145 00:06:50.790 --> 00:06:53.253 and the work that she's done, 146 00:06:54.330 --> 00:06:55.920 I've watched her grow as a leader. 147 00:06:55.920 --> 00:06:58.200 It's an honour to have her join us. 148 00:06:58.200 --> 00:07:02.280 And again, the concepts around systems and regeneration 149 00:07:02.280 --> 00:07:03.630 are near and dear to her heart. 150 00:07:03.630 --> 00:07:06.363 She's going to talk about what's happening in Mexico. 151 00:07:07.230 --> 00:07:09.840 Dear friend, Graham Singh is the CEO 152 00:07:09.840 --> 00:07:11.880 of Trinity Centres Foundation. 153 00:07:11.880 --> 00:07:16.860 And the energy he brings into every conversation 154 00:07:16.860 --> 00:07:19.980 that he has, his smile represents that. 155 00:07:19.980 --> 00:07:23.910 The idea of re-imagining faith real estate. 156 00:07:23.910 --> 00:07:28.800 Now that's a $5 trillion opportunity for us to begin to tap 157 00:07:28.800 --> 00:07:32.520 in terms of regeneration, sustainability, 158 00:07:32.520 --> 00:07:37.520 and reimagining what the faiths bring to the table. 159 00:07:37.680 --> 00:07:41.520 Dawson, again, is one of our alums, 160 00:07:41.520 --> 00:07:45.510 a fantastic person that two of us are going to talk about 161 00:07:45.510 --> 00:07:47.790 an exercise we're going to do in the classroom, 162 00:07:47.790 --> 00:07:49.380 which is literally building a bank 163 00:07:49.380 --> 00:07:52.650 to serve tribal finance needs. 164 00:07:52.650 --> 00:07:56.160 And Dawson was on our impact investing course. 165 00:07:56.160 --> 00:08:01.160 Again, this idea of this very diverse group of people 166 00:08:01.380 --> 00:08:06.380 from banking, from an NGO working with faith, 167 00:08:06.450 --> 00:08:10.440 from a impact investor leading in Mexico, 168 00:08:10.440 --> 00:08:12.930 and Stephanie's experience in Democracy Collaborative, 169 00:08:12.930 --> 00:08:14.460 very different perspectives. 170 00:08:14.460 --> 00:08:17.850 You'll see the system in our conversation. 171 00:08:17.850 --> 00:08:18.683 And with that, 172 00:08:18.683 --> 00:08:20.220 I'm going to turn it over to Stephanie 173 00:08:20.220 --> 00:08:23.910 and then we'll go talk Laura, Graham, and Dawson, 174 00:08:23.910 --> 00:08:25.470 and then we'll open up to questions. 175 00:08:25.470 --> 00:08:28.650 And we hope that you'll bring us as many as you can 176 00:08:28.650 --> 00:08:31.230 and join us at social finance. 177 00:08:31.230 --> 00:08:33.330 Stephanie, I'm going to turn it over to you. 178 00:08:33.330 --> 00:08:34.163 Thank you. 179 00:08:34.163 --> 00:08:34.996 Awesome. 180 00:08:34.996 --> 00:08:35.943 Thank you so much, Gayle. 181 00:08:36.972 --> 00:08:38.370 If you could pop my slides up, 182 00:08:38.370 --> 00:08:41.820 I really appreciate the opportunity to be 183 00:08:41.820 --> 00:08:44.760 with this esteemed group of colleagues, 184 00:08:44.760 --> 00:08:46.470 all of whom are trying to figure out 185 00:08:46.470 --> 00:08:49.440 how we best use this thing called capital 186 00:08:49.440 --> 00:08:51.063 to benefit our communities. 187 00:08:52.260 --> 00:08:55.960 I will share with you that I first encountered 188 00:08:57.210 --> 00:09:00.600 the Democracy Collaborative back when Evergreen Laundry 189 00:09:00.600 --> 00:09:02.880 was just getting started. 190 00:09:02.880 --> 00:09:04.950 At that time, I was president of ShoreBank, 191 00:09:04.950 --> 00:09:07.410 which is a community development financial institution. 192 00:09:07.410 --> 00:09:09.420 And we were located in Cleveland 193 00:09:09.420 --> 00:09:13.380 in an old abandoned torpedo factory 194 00:09:13.380 --> 00:09:15.540 that we had turned into a business incubator 195 00:09:15.540 --> 00:09:18.540 to try to pull jobs into the neighbourhood. 196 00:09:18.540 --> 00:09:20.520 So they came by needing space, 197 00:09:20.520 --> 00:09:24.270 and so I was able to see upclose and personal, 198 00:09:24.270 --> 00:09:26.493 that whole endeavour get started, 199 00:09:27.540 --> 00:09:29.610 including the people that were getting hired 200 00:09:29.610 --> 00:09:31.770 and people that were getting banked for the first time. 201 00:09:31.770 --> 00:09:34.860 So I'm thrilled to these however many years, 202 00:09:34.860 --> 00:09:35.850 I won't say later, 203 00:09:35.850 --> 00:09:39.180 be here at the helm at the Democracy Collaborative 204 00:09:39.180 --> 00:09:42.210 where we're doing this work globally. 205 00:09:42.210 --> 00:09:43.536 So if you go to the next slide, 206 00:09:43.536 --> 00:09:45.420 we're going to spend a little time 207 00:09:45.420 --> 00:09:48.300 on community wealth building. 208 00:09:48.300 --> 00:09:52.380 The PFC study is awesome and has lots of details, 209 00:09:52.380 --> 00:09:56.280 so I'm not going to drive too far into the weeds there 210 00:09:56.280 --> 00:09:57.690 but I'll keep it high level, 211 00:09:57.690 --> 00:10:00.183 but I wanted to just hit on a couple things. 212 00:10:01.290 --> 00:10:02.123 First of all, 213 00:10:02.123 --> 00:10:04.010 we know that community Wealth building or CWB, 214 00:10:04.010 --> 00:10:07.353 so I don't have to keep saying that long sentence. 215 00:10:08.220 --> 00:10:11.610 The whole idea is to transform local economies 216 00:10:11.610 --> 00:10:14.790 based on communities having direct ownership 217 00:10:14.790 --> 00:10:17.160 and control of their assets. 218 00:10:17.160 --> 00:10:18.720 And it sounds like a simple thing, 219 00:10:18.720 --> 00:10:21.420 but sometimes when we look at challenged neighbourhoods 220 00:10:21.420 --> 00:10:22.710 you're like, what assets? 221 00:10:22.710 --> 00:10:23.940 There are no assets. 222 00:10:23.940 --> 00:10:25.770 We only see devastation, 223 00:10:25.770 --> 00:10:28.200 but likely that's because some of the capital 224 00:10:28.200 --> 00:10:30.330 has been pulled out of those neighbourhoods. 225 00:10:30.330 --> 00:10:34.290 What we have to do now is focus on what assets there are 226 00:10:34.290 --> 00:10:36.810 that could be leveraged to better benefit 227 00:10:36.810 --> 00:10:38.853 that community directly. 228 00:10:39.810 --> 00:10:42.660 We know that there are five pillars of community wealth, 229 00:10:42.660 --> 00:10:47.580 CWB ranging from procurement by anchor institutions, 230 00:10:47.580 --> 00:10:51.124 which I had an opportunity to also participate in as CFO 231 00:10:51.124 --> 00:10:53.430 of the Cleveland State University, 232 00:10:53.430 --> 00:10:55.380 which is located right in the middle of Cleveland, 233 00:10:55.380 --> 00:10:57.900 and we did some things around procurement, 234 00:10:57.900 --> 00:11:01.380 all the way to just use of land. 235 00:11:01.380 --> 00:11:04.380 And the one we want to focus on here today is social finance 236 00:11:04.380 --> 00:11:06.750 as one of those important pillars. 237 00:11:06.750 --> 00:11:08.970 How finance operates is very important 238 00:11:08.970 --> 00:11:13.260 to the structure being able to work properly. 239 00:11:13.260 --> 00:11:14.850 So I think a very important sentence 240 00:11:14.850 --> 00:11:16.470 is in the middle of the slide, it says, 241 00:11:16.470 --> 00:11:20.580 don't start with capital, start with community. 242 00:11:20.580 --> 00:11:21.413 In other words, 243 00:11:21.413 --> 00:11:24.840 capital always just wants to maximise itself, right? 244 00:11:24.840 --> 00:11:27.150 It just wants to grow and grow and grow. 245 00:11:27.150 --> 00:11:29.190 By nature, that's what it is. 246 00:11:29.190 --> 00:11:33.450 And so that's what leads to a lot of extractive behaviour. 247 00:11:33.450 --> 00:11:35.520 But if you start with community, 248 00:11:35.520 --> 00:11:38.250 start with what does this community need? 249 00:11:38.250 --> 00:11:40.410 How can we sustain this community? 250 00:11:40.410 --> 00:11:45.410 How can we have dollars flow, within the community 251 00:11:45.780 --> 00:11:48.390 that sustains it over a long period of time? 252 00:11:48.390 --> 00:11:50.880 I think you get to the right answer. 253 00:11:50.880 --> 00:11:54.753 So not only did we do Cleveland, 254 00:11:54.753 --> 00:11:58.770 we've also been involved as Gayle mentioned in Preston 255 00:11:58.770 --> 00:12:01.050 in the UK where Matthew Brown, 256 00:12:01.050 --> 00:12:03.093 a very progressive elected official, 257 00:12:04.020 --> 00:12:06.690 had the foresight to see community wealth building 258 00:12:06.690 --> 00:12:10.800 as an alternative to what I call smokestack chasing. 259 00:12:10.800 --> 00:12:13.770 Although now it's probably more tech-chasing 260 00:12:13.770 --> 00:12:17.730 where people go out and try to get somebody to relocate 261 00:12:17.730 --> 00:12:20.673 and bring jobs into neighbourhoods. 262 00:12:21.810 --> 00:12:24.510 Instead, CWB was applied. 263 00:12:24.510 --> 00:12:26.820 So through progressive procurement 264 00:12:26.820 --> 00:12:28.710 by those anchor institutions 265 00:12:28.710 --> 00:12:32.010 they were able to create their own sort of economic power 266 00:12:32.010 --> 00:12:34.173 versus having to chase somebody else down. 267 00:12:35.430 --> 00:12:38.040 And then we also work in Scotland, the UK, 268 00:12:38.040 --> 00:12:38.940 which she mentioned. 269 00:12:38.940 --> 00:12:41.230 Our colleague Neil McInroy 270 00:12:42.120 --> 00:12:45.720 has been instrumental in having that entire country 271 00:12:45.720 --> 00:12:50.220 adapt CWB as its economic development strategy. 272 00:12:50.220 --> 00:12:52.890 So Neil is there on the ground 273 00:12:52.890 --> 00:12:56.520 and he is helping the government there 274 00:12:56.520 --> 00:12:59.340 understand what they need to be putting in place 275 00:12:59.340 --> 00:13:01.380 from a policy perspective 276 00:13:01.380 --> 00:13:03.670 and he's also helping to build a practise 277 00:13:03.670 --> 00:13:07.170 and build a culture around what that looks like. 278 00:13:07.170 --> 00:13:10.320 So that'll be a wonderful example of an entire country 279 00:13:10.320 --> 00:13:11.370 that is taking this on. 280 00:13:11.370 --> 00:13:14.643 Can't wait to see what Neil gets accomplished there. 281 00:13:15.570 --> 00:13:18.300 So moving to the next slide, 282 00:13:18.300 --> 00:13:21.933 back to this financial extraction idea. 283 00:13:23.100 --> 00:13:25.800 We know that communities are harmed 284 00:13:25.800 --> 00:13:29.793 when capital is focused solely on profit generation. 285 00:13:30.990 --> 00:13:34.080 If that's the only focus, many times communities are harmed, 286 00:13:34.080 --> 00:13:36.330 especially when that profit generation 287 00:13:36.330 --> 00:13:38.100 is happening outside of the communities 288 00:13:38.100 --> 00:13:40.470 from which the capital is being extracted. 289 00:13:40.470 --> 00:13:45.470 That's pretty much the way the finance world 290 00:13:46.560 --> 00:13:47.520 has started to work. 291 00:13:47.520 --> 00:13:48.353 And as I mentioned, 292 00:13:48.353 --> 00:13:53.353 I saw when I was president of ShoreBank here in Cleveland, 293 00:13:53.820 --> 00:13:55.990 it was interesting because all of a sudden 294 00:13:57.150 --> 00:13:59.100 the biggest lenders in our neighbourhoods 295 00:13:59.100 --> 00:14:00.840 weren't banks at all. 296 00:14:00.840 --> 00:14:03.150 You get the report and it'd be some finance company, 297 00:14:03.150 --> 00:14:03.983 this or that. 298 00:14:03.983 --> 00:14:05.970 It's like, what in the world is going on? 299 00:14:05.970 --> 00:14:09.033 Well, we were kind of ground zero for predatory lending. 300 00:14:09.960 --> 00:14:13.440 We had spent probably a decade working directly 301 00:14:13.440 --> 00:14:17.722 with families and community development corporations 302 00:14:17.722 --> 00:14:21.660 in about eight neighbourhoods on the east side 303 00:14:21.660 --> 00:14:25.050 to improve housing, to increase ownership. 304 00:14:25.050 --> 00:14:28.200 And we had seen the neighbourhoods improve, 305 00:14:28.200 --> 00:14:31.890 the housing stock improved, we had families living there. 306 00:14:31.890 --> 00:14:34.781 All of a sudden we started to see boarded up houses 307 00:14:34.781 --> 00:14:36.960 and lots of foreclosures 308 00:14:36.960 --> 00:14:39.390 and figured out that these finance companies 309 00:14:39.390 --> 00:14:41.730 were literally going door to door, 310 00:14:41.730 --> 00:14:44.880 putting flyers on porches saying, 311 00:14:44.880 --> 00:14:47.350 you can borrow $10,000 today 312 00:14:48.780 --> 00:14:51.030 by putting another mortgage on your house. 313 00:14:51.030 --> 00:14:53.430 Of course, they were failing to explain 314 00:14:53.430 --> 00:14:56.760 the predatory nature of those transactions. 315 00:14:56.760 --> 00:14:59.370 So when the borrowers started to fall behind 316 00:14:59.370 --> 00:15:02.070 then, of course, the homes went in the foreclosure. 317 00:15:02.070 --> 00:15:04.950 And the craziest piece is that they were bundling these 318 00:15:04.950 --> 00:15:09.950 what I would call bad loans, meaning not responsible loans, 319 00:15:11.190 --> 00:15:13.740 somehow those got turned into good securities. 320 00:15:13.740 --> 00:15:16.890 I'll never figure out how the logic behind that. 321 00:15:16.890 --> 00:15:19.650 But a market was created where these bundles, 322 00:15:19.650 --> 00:15:21.690 mortgages were able to be sold off, 323 00:15:21.690 --> 00:15:24.480 creating more cash for them to keep doing the same thing. 324 00:15:24.480 --> 00:15:26.520 A lot of the big banks got into that 325 00:15:26.520 --> 00:15:28.860 and were greatly harmed as well. 326 00:15:28.860 --> 00:15:30.930 Well, we see what it did to the neighbourhoods. 327 00:15:30.930 --> 00:15:32.400 So that's what it looked like then. 328 00:15:32.400 --> 00:15:34.050 What it looks like now 329 00:15:34.050 --> 00:15:38.760 after all the various economic challenges we've had, 330 00:15:38.760 --> 00:15:40.560 there are a lot of foreclosures out there 331 00:15:40.560 --> 00:15:42.930 and now private equity firms 332 00:15:42.930 --> 00:15:45.150 are buying up these houses, right? 333 00:15:45.150 --> 00:15:49.650 And again, with the idea to maximise profit 334 00:15:49.650 --> 00:15:50.640 by raising rents 335 00:15:50.640 --> 00:15:53.160 and not really taking care of the properties, 336 00:15:53.160 --> 00:15:55.412 bundling them as securities. 337 00:15:55.412 --> 00:15:59.370 So again, we see it coming in now as a second wave. 338 00:15:59.370 --> 00:16:00.570 But what is the alternative? 339 00:16:00.570 --> 00:16:01.953 Let's go to the next page. 340 00:16:04.320 --> 00:16:05.940 There are alternatives. 341 00:16:05.940 --> 00:16:09.003 If your mind is on the community and you start there, 342 00:16:10.200 --> 00:16:13.410 and I think the Port of Cincinnati is a great example. 343 00:16:13.410 --> 00:16:16.980 My colleague Marjorie Kelly who was telling me about this, 344 00:16:16.980 --> 00:16:20.190 that we had a group of private equity folk 345 00:16:20.190 --> 00:16:24.600 that wanted to buy up a bunch of houses out of foreclosure, 346 00:16:24.600 --> 00:16:26.730 but the port stepped in, the Port of Cincinnati, 347 00:16:26.730 --> 00:16:28.980 which is public entity. 348 00:16:28.980 --> 00:16:31.140 They were able to raise bond funding 349 00:16:31.140 --> 00:16:33.780 because they have great bond rating 350 00:16:33.780 --> 00:16:35.970 to be able to buy these houses instead. 351 00:16:35.970 --> 00:16:38.850 So they bought a couple hundred houses 352 00:16:38.850 --> 00:16:41.040 and they were really bucking a trend. 353 00:16:41.040 --> 00:16:42.990 I mean, one in five Cincinnati homes, 354 00:16:42.990 --> 00:16:47.010 20% were owned by institutional investors 355 00:16:47.010 --> 00:16:49.590 versus families or individuals. 356 00:16:49.590 --> 00:16:52.290 So this trend was not going to stop. 357 00:16:52.290 --> 00:16:54.330 So they bought the houses, 358 00:16:54.330 --> 00:16:57.240 they're now going to keep the rents relatively low 359 00:16:57.240 --> 00:17:01.323 because they don't have a profit as a primary objective. 360 00:17:02.400 --> 00:17:05.580 And then we will increase and stabilise neighbourhoods 361 00:17:05.580 --> 00:17:08.640 by training some of the renters or residents 362 00:17:08.640 --> 00:17:09.840 to become homeowners. 363 00:17:09.840 --> 00:17:14.840 And we know that that makes for more stable communities. 364 00:17:15.060 --> 00:17:16.560 And this doesn't have to be a one-off. 365 00:17:16.560 --> 00:17:19.200 I mean, there is a market from muni bonds. 366 00:17:19.200 --> 00:17:23.550 Any port or any housing authority can get into this game. 367 00:17:23.550 --> 00:17:25.226 So this is an example of what can happen 368 00:17:25.226 --> 00:17:28.710 when finance stays local 369 00:17:28.710 --> 00:17:33.710 and is not being operated purely on a profit motive. 370 00:17:35.280 --> 00:17:36.113 Thank you Stephanie. 371 00:17:36.113 --> 00:17:37.230 Just one minute before we need to go 372 00:17:37.230 --> 00:17:38.730 onto the next speaker please. 373 00:17:38.730 --> 00:17:39.563 Great. 374 00:17:39.563 --> 00:17:40.680 Well, my last slide is coming up. 375 00:17:40.680 --> 00:17:42.900 So if you move to that. 376 00:17:42.900 --> 00:17:45.723 Just want to point out another couple key principles, 377 00:17:47.310 --> 00:17:49.200 community wealth building is best 378 00:17:49.200 --> 00:17:51.120 when it works across systems 379 00:17:51.120 --> 00:17:53.310 and not just sort of little discreet projects 380 00:17:53.310 --> 00:17:55.320 on a neighbourhood by neighbourhood basis. 381 00:17:55.320 --> 00:17:57.450 We did that in Cleveland and that was a good start 382 00:17:57.450 --> 00:17:58.440 for Evergreen. 383 00:17:58.440 --> 00:18:01.650 The way we're seeing things now is more integrated 384 00:18:01.650 --> 00:18:04.653 across systems that have maximum impact. 385 00:18:05.550 --> 00:18:07.980 Many times we need to support that innovation. 386 00:18:07.980 --> 00:18:10.530 I know as the nation's first CDFI, 387 00:18:10.530 --> 00:18:13.230 many times ShoreBank was all by itself out there 388 00:18:13.230 --> 00:18:16.260 saying that you could make money 389 00:18:16.260 --> 00:18:18.630 by lending in certain neighbourhoods. 390 00:18:18.630 --> 00:18:22.110 However, we at TDC helped form the healthcare anchor network 391 00:18:22.110 --> 00:18:24.780 that put hospitals together that wanted to know 392 00:18:24.780 --> 00:18:27.840 how to do a better job of supporting their neighbourhoods 393 00:18:27.840 --> 00:18:29.070 and reinvesting. 394 00:18:29.070 --> 00:18:32.130 And then finally, often investment has to be combined 395 00:18:32.130 --> 00:18:33.270 with philanthropy. 396 00:18:33.270 --> 00:18:35.670 Not everything can be done on a for-profit basis, 397 00:18:35.670 --> 00:18:38.280 things like networks or like this fund 398 00:18:38.280 --> 00:18:41.430 for employee ownership that we help get started 399 00:18:41.430 --> 00:18:43.320 through Evergreen, 400 00:18:43.320 --> 00:18:47.190 which adds a whole capacity to the ecosystem 401 00:18:47.190 --> 00:18:49.200 to be able to create more 402 00:18:49.200 --> 00:18:51.210 democratically owned organisations. 403 00:18:51.210 --> 00:18:52.560 So with that, I will stop. 404 00:18:52.560 --> 00:18:54.450 My contact information is there 405 00:18:54.450 --> 00:18:57.720 as well as the website to get more information. 406 00:18:57.720 --> 00:18:58.553 Thanks so much. 407 00:18:58.553 --> 00:19:00.090 Really enjoyed being with you guys. 408 00:19:00.090 --> 00:19:00.923 Thanks Stephanie. 409 00:19:00.923 --> 00:19:01.860 That's fantastic. 410 00:19:01.860 --> 00:19:06.090 Graham, we're going to go to you, and Laura is on route, 411 00:19:06.090 --> 00:19:09.930 so we're going to go to you and your slides. 412 00:19:09.930 --> 00:19:10.763 Thanks, Gayle. 413 00:19:10.763 --> 00:19:12.180 Hold on the slides, Darius for a second. 414 00:19:12.180 --> 00:19:13.230 And just to say, Stephanie, 415 00:19:13.230 --> 00:19:15.150 we have our team retreat happening right here, 416 00:19:15.150 --> 00:19:17.850 and as you were speaking I was calling my team, 417 00:19:17.850 --> 00:19:19.560 just stand behind the camera and listen 418 00:19:19.560 --> 00:19:20.917 and they were cheering in the back like, 419 00:19:20.917 --> 00:19:23.053 "Yeah, that is absolutely right." 420 00:19:24.932 --> 00:19:25.932 Thank you. 421 00:19:26.880 --> 00:19:30.486 Yeah, so coming from Montreal to you guys, 422 00:19:30.486 --> 00:19:32.220 (Graham speaking French) 423 00:19:32.220 --> 00:19:34.410 from the French speaking part of Canada. 424 00:19:34.410 --> 00:19:39.410 And I am from there, London School of Economics, 425 00:19:39.420 --> 00:19:41.580 graduate degree in decolonization, 426 00:19:41.580 --> 00:19:43.860 and then was ordained as a priest 427 00:19:43.860 --> 00:19:46.200 in the Anglican church, okay? 428 00:19:46.200 --> 00:19:49.860 So when we talk about different backgrounds on this course, 429 00:19:49.860 --> 00:19:50.693 that's me, 430 00:19:50.693 --> 00:19:53.040 that's the diversity of how did we get this guy 431 00:19:53.040 --> 00:19:53.970 from the church? 432 00:19:53.970 --> 00:19:56.340 Are we seriously talking about that? 433 00:19:56.340 --> 00:19:58.650 Well, I've spent 20 years working at street level 434 00:19:58.650 --> 00:20:00.690 with the kind of organisations that Gayle talked about 435 00:20:00.690 --> 00:20:02.250 on the far end of that spectrum. 436 00:20:02.250 --> 00:20:04.470 Same one Stephanie's talking about. 437 00:20:04.470 --> 00:20:07.260 And it's out of that need that we began innovating 438 00:20:07.260 --> 00:20:09.150 and we set up a new charity 439 00:20:09.150 --> 00:20:09.983 called the Trinity Centres Foundation, 440 00:20:09.983 --> 00:20:12.000 which is non-religious. 441 00:20:12.000 --> 00:20:14.258 And we financed now something like $75 million 442 00:20:14.258 --> 00:20:16.950 worth of projects in Canada, 443 00:20:16.950 --> 00:20:20.460 trying to turn these faith properties as Gayle talked about 444 00:20:20.460 --> 00:20:21.860 over to the local community. 445 00:20:22.860 --> 00:20:24.987 Here's my entry into a subject that some of you 446 00:20:24.987 --> 00:20:28.290 who come from more traditional finance backgrounds 447 00:20:28.290 --> 00:20:29.733 may be interested in. 448 00:20:31.005 --> 00:20:33.330 I don't think Gayle meant for us to pick on private equity 449 00:20:33.330 --> 00:20:34.950 quite as much, but sorry, Stephanie, 450 00:20:34.950 --> 00:20:36.600 I'm going to jump onto here. 451 00:20:36.600 --> 00:20:40.410 My joke, it starts as a joke, but it's funny not funny 452 00:20:40.410 --> 00:20:42.007 with my private equity friends, as I say, 453 00:20:42.007 --> 00:20:44.460 "Look, imagine you're a lifetime pro forma, 454 00:20:44.460 --> 00:20:46.143 every tower you ever build, 455 00:20:47.130 --> 00:20:49.350 now what happens if I put 10 homeless guys 456 00:20:49.350 --> 00:20:51.510 in front of every one of those towers? 457 00:20:51.510 --> 00:20:53.280 How does that change your finance?" 458 00:20:53.280 --> 00:20:55.020 I'm not talking about nice homeless guys 459 00:20:55.020 --> 00:20:55.920 who play music and stuff, 460 00:20:55.920 --> 00:20:58.540 I'm talking about angry people who are upset 461 00:20:59.610 --> 00:21:02.130 and they're there the entire time. 462 00:21:02.130 --> 00:21:03.120 My argument here is that 463 00:21:03.120 --> 00:21:06.810 for purely animal spirits capitalistic reasons, 464 00:21:06.810 --> 00:21:08.520 we need to solve these problems. 465 00:21:08.520 --> 00:21:10.500 And if that's the reason you want to solve homelessness 466 00:21:10.500 --> 00:21:13.140 and food security, that's a start. 467 00:21:13.140 --> 00:21:14.910 If you come at it from the UNSDGs 468 00:21:14.910 --> 00:21:18.153 and other types of ethical reasons, that's much better. 469 00:21:19.020 --> 00:21:20.513 But this brings us, 470 00:21:20.513 --> 00:21:22.470 in our case to the broader category 471 00:21:22.470 --> 00:21:24.240 which Stephanie's already touched upon 472 00:21:24.240 --> 00:21:25.890 of social purpose real estate. 473 00:21:25.890 --> 00:21:27.930 I would define that as being properties 474 00:21:27.930 --> 00:21:30.810 that come with a particular type of social purpose, 475 00:21:30.810 --> 00:21:33.960 they've been given often lands for that purpose 476 00:21:33.960 --> 00:21:37.080 as part of often a colonial settlement, 477 00:21:37.080 --> 00:21:40.650 they often benefit from a municipal tax break, 478 00:21:40.650 --> 00:21:43.380 and there's a sense of a story of these are our properties 479 00:21:43.380 --> 00:21:46.440 even if they may be held in trust by a private organisation 480 00:21:46.440 --> 00:21:48.993 like a specific, for instance, religious charity. 481 00:21:51.450 --> 00:21:54.780 Now who owns this stuff 482 00:21:54.780 --> 00:21:57.180 and how could this be part of social finance? 483 00:21:57.180 --> 00:21:59.550 Well, here's a pop quiz for you. 484 00:21:59.550 --> 00:22:03.573 Who is the largest non-state owner of property in the world? 485 00:22:05.670 --> 00:22:07.770 It's the Roman Catholic Church. 486 00:22:07.770 --> 00:22:10.020 If you add other churches and other faiths, 487 00:22:10.020 --> 00:22:12.990 religion as a whole is far bigger as a landowner 488 00:22:12.990 --> 00:22:15.150 than some smaller states. 489 00:22:15.150 --> 00:22:16.440 Yet we don't have a strategy. 490 00:22:16.440 --> 00:22:17.670 If we do ESG, the G, 491 00:22:17.670 --> 00:22:20.850 the governance of faith-based properties is terrible. 492 00:22:20.850 --> 00:22:22.770 You might say the governance of faith organisations 493 00:22:22.770 --> 00:22:26.100 in general is very problematic and I would agree with you. 494 00:22:26.100 --> 00:22:28.260 So this is the kind of issue we come into. 495 00:22:28.260 --> 00:22:29.670 And Darius, if I could, 496 00:22:29.670 --> 00:22:32.880 let me try to express the problem in 60 seconds. 497 00:22:32.880 --> 00:22:35.980 So first wait for Darius to catch up 498 00:22:38.760 --> 00:22:40.850 and I'll go ahead as we're... 499 00:22:42.210 --> 00:22:44.850 So just think about these three questions. 500 00:22:44.850 --> 00:22:45.810 Property development, right? 501 00:22:45.810 --> 00:22:47.880 It's a beautiful force for good. 502 00:22:47.880 --> 00:22:50.580 It can also disturb a delicate urban balance. 503 00:22:50.580 --> 00:22:52.320 So what is sustainable 504 00:22:52.320 --> 00:22:54.810 or even regenerative property development? 505 00:22:54.810 --> 00:22:55.760 Next slide, please. 506 00:22:57.960 --> 00:22:59.430 Now think about faith-based organisations. 507 00:22:59.430 --> 00:23:01.200 We know how much good they've done, 508 00:23:01.200 --> 00:23:03.750 incredible things with schools and hospitals. 509 00:23:03.750 --> 00:23:07.620 They are also experiencing a once in 500 year 510 00:23:07.620 --> 00:23:10.230 operating model revolution. 511 00:23:10.230 --> 00:23:13.710 What if in sharing their land profitably 512 00:23:13.710 --> 00:23:15.180 they heal themselves? 513 00:23:15.180 --> 00:23:17.370 And again, with reference to what Stephanie said, 514 00:23:17.370 --> 00:23:20.130 in some cases we've gone too far down the charitable side, 515 00:23:20.130 --> 00:23:21.930 we don't understand how these organisations 516 00:23:21.930 --> 00:23:25.050 might actually run their properties as a business. 517 00:23:25.050 --> 00:23:26.433 So next slide, please. 518 00:23:27.420 --> 00:23:29.130 Finally, charitable foundations, 519 00:23:29.130 --> 00:23:30.780 they have never been wealthier, 520 00:23:30.780 --> 00:23:34.140 yet they're struggling to scale impact first 521 00:23:34.140 --> 00:23:36.750 or programme related investments. 522 00:23:36.750 --> 00:23:39.090 We'll define this on the course in September. 523 00:23:39.090 --> 00:23:40.980 But in a sense, in short, 524 00:23:40.980 --> 00:23:42.510 these are investments that are in line 525 00:23:42.510 --> 00:23:43.770 with the charities objectives. 526 00:23:43.770 --> 00:23:47.280 What if they could provide true north for a new category 527 00:23:47.280 --> 00:23:49.410 of blended finance instruments? 528 00:23:49.410 --> 00:23:51.480 Thanks for this slide, Darius. 529 00:23:51.480 --> 00:23:53.479 So in September we're going to be talking about 530 00:23:53.479 --> 00:23:54.450 some of these things. 531 00:23:54.450 --> 00:23:55.693 We'll talk about examples of social purpose 532 00:23:55.693 --> 00:23:57.930 real estate funds in Quebec, 533 00:23:57.930 --> 00:24:00.300 where a bunch of foundations got together 534 00:24:00.300 --> 00:24:05.220 and they attracted a worker's pension fund who said, 535 00:24:05.220 --> 00:24:08.070 can you de-risk this for us to get it to investment grade 536 00:24:08.070 --> 00:24:09.750 and they 5x the fund. 537 00:24:09.750 --> 00:24:12.480 If we could see that happen, folks, every time 538 00:24:12.480 --> 00:24:14.490 we would change the world. 539 00:24:14.490 --> 00:24:16.770 Foundations bringing on pension funds, 540 00:24:16.770 --> 00:24:20.100 everybody sings their way into a new future. 541 00:24:20.100 --> 00:24:22.020 It's incredible, right? 542 00:24:22.020 --> 00:24:27.020 In Canada, we have a new $755 million social finance fund. 543 00:24:27.300 --> 00:24:29.087 If every federal government created funds like that, 544 00:24:29.087 --> 00:24:31.950 and by the way, it's launching very, very soon. 545 00:24:31.950 --> 00:24:34.440 So we all just keep telling all the beautiful stories 546 00:24:34.440 --> 00:24:35.610 of what it's supposed to do 547 00:24:35.610 --> 00:24:38.010 to make sure that we hold the government to account. 548 00:24:38.010 --> 00:24:40.380 I'm going to be there at the launch next week 549 00:24:40.380 --> 00:24:41.310 for that in Ottawa. 550 00:24:41.310 --> 00:24:42.480 So we're going to be talking about that. 551 00:24:42.480 --> 00:24:44.670 What are some of the national government solutions 552 00:24:44.670 --> 00:24:46.380 to these social finance structures? 553 00:24:46.380 --> 00:24:48.810 We'll talk about faith-based organisations 554 00:24:48.810 --> 00:24:50.160 and those trillions and trillions. 555 00:24:50.160 --> 00:24:53.010 Is that all sitting in gold in the bottom of the Vatican? 556 00:24:54.090 --> 00:24:54.923 Some of it is. 557 00:24:55.800 --> 00:24:57.780 How much gold is during the bottom of the Vatican, 558 00:24:57.780 --> 00:25:00.000 will not be answered on this course, I'm afraid. 559 00:25:00.000 --> 00:25:02.160 Sorry in case you thought that's where we were going. 560 00:25:02.160 --> 00:25:03.690 And we'll talk to you about 561 00:25:03.690 --> 00:25:06.600 a new social purpose real estate fund that we've launched. 562 00:25:06.600 --> 00:25:08.250 We've launched the first fund, 563 00:25:08.250 --> 00:25:09.540 we're about to launch the second one. 564 00:25:09.540 --> 00:25:11.220 We'll talk to you about some of the deal structure 565 00:25:11.220 --> 00:25:12.660 around that. 566 00:25:12.660 --> 00:25:16.170 Finally, what's the crazy version here? 567 00:25:16.170 --> 00:25:18.690 What could we do with regenerative finance 568 00:25:18.690 --> 00:25:20.670 at a local property level? 569 00:25:20.670 --> 00:25:24.270 Well, our view simply, and again, Stephanie queued this up, 570 00:25:24.270 --> 00:25:26.250 if those organisations who are serving 571 00:25:26.250 --> 00:25:29.880 the poorest of the poor could be given a series of leg ups. 572 00:25:29.880 --> 00:25:31.440 And in our case we're talking about 573 00:25:31.440 --> 00:25:33.480 what if we give them discounted rent 574 00:25:33.480 --> 00:25:35.460 and we make sure that they're able to be located 575 00:25:35.460 --> 00:25:37.260 in the places where we actually need them? 576 00:25:37.260 --> 00:25:40.680 That's the kind of social finance solution 577 00:25:40.680 --> 00:25:43.233 that can radically heal the world. 578 00:25:44.070 --> 00:25:46.410 And finally, a word for those of you 579 00:25:46.410 --> 00:25:48.663 from non-traditional finance backgrounds. 580 00:25:50.040 --> 00:25:51.510 There's hope for you. 581 00:25:51.510 --> 00:25:53.422 There's hope for us, for our people. 582 00:25:53.422 --> 00:25:55.020 (Graham laughing heartily) 583 00:25:55.020 --> 00:25:56.898 And you will find kindred spirits 584 00:25:56.898 --> 00:25:58.860 and you will find that those who come 585 00:25:58.860 --> 00:26:00.510 from traditional finance backgrounds 586 00:26:00.510 --> 00:26:03.150 they want to know what makes us tick. 587 00:26:03.150 --> 00:26:06.450 We need each other and this course and this environment 588 00:26:06.450 --> 00:26:10.110 and if I may say the suite of impact courses at side 589 00:26:10.110 --> 00:26:12.300 is an incredible place for that to happen. 590 00:26:12.300 --> 00:26:14.100 So we look forward to seeing you in September, 591 00:26:14.100 --> 00:26:15.510 and I hope that's a bit of an idea 592 00:26:15.510 --> 00:26:17.370 of some of the stuff that we'll be talking about. 593 00:26:17.370 --> 00:26:18.960 Back over you, Gayle. 594 00:26:18.960 --> 00:26:19.793 Fantastic. 595 00:26:19.793 --> 00:26:22.530 Well, and again, we're going to be looking at that 5 trillion, 596 00:26:22.530 --> 00:26:25.470 how do you employ that #5 trillion that's available 597 00:26:25.470 --> 00:26:28.140 for investment from the faith communities 598 00:26:28.140 --> 00:26:31.687 across the world as well as spirituality? 599 00:26:34.350 --> 00:26:37.170 When we think about just the number of people 600 00:26:37.170 --> 00:26:39.330 that are involved in the faiths, 601 00:26:39.330 --> 00:26:41.280 we've done it Oxford, an analysis, 602 00:26:41.280 --> 00:26:42.900 a landscape analysis 603 00:26:42.900 --> 00:26:46.353 that was driven in part by social finance colleagues. 604 00:26:48.133 --> 00:26:51.330 We have a CEO's leadership circle for social finance, 605 00:26:51.330 --> 00:26:54.930 and several of the CEOs have said from foundations, 606 00:26:54.930 --> 00:26:58.680 would you do an analysis of faith investing? 607 00:26:58.680 --> 00:27:00.030 How much money is available? 608 00:27:00.030 --> 00:27:04.680 Is it being tapped for SDGs? 609 00:27:04.680 --> 00:27:06.453 How do we go about, in fact, 610 00:27:07.380 --> 00:27:09.480 mobilising those resources 611 00:27:09.480 --> 00:27:11.550 in ways that we've not thought about? 612 00:27:11.550 --> 00:27:12.930 So we're going to be spending time, 613 00:27:12.930 --> 00:27:14.490 there's a report that we've done, 614 00:27:14.490 --> 00:27:17.220 we're moving on to another phase two, 615 00:27:17.220 --> 00:27:22.220 which you'll be focused on energy conservation in Africa 616 00:27:22.260 --> 00:27:27.260 and new job creation as well as Graham's work in Montreal. 617 00:27:27.780 --> 00:27:31.300 But there is a network in Islamic finance that we're tapping 618 00:27:32.143 --> 00:27:34.920 and again, spirituality of indigenous people. 619 00:27:34.920 --> 00:27:39.920 So how do we in fact bring and mobilise those capital 620 00:27:39.990 --> 00:27:41.850 at a time in this decisive decade 621 00:27:41.850 --> 00:27:43.470 that we've got to move forward? 622 00:27:43.470 --> 00:27:45.030 We're going to shift, Dawson, 623 00:27:45.030 --> 00:27:47.640 that kind of enters the space for us. 624 00:27:47.640 --> 00:27:48.900 Graham, thank you so much. 625 00:27:48.900 --> 00:27:49.923 I appreciate that. 626 00:27:50.760 --> 00:27:52.587 Dawson, we're going to talk, Laura's en route, 627 00:27:52.587 --> 00:27:57.587 and we're going to talk a little bit about you, your work, 628 00:27:57.870 --> 00:27:58.920 our work together, 629 00:27:58.920 --> 00:28:02.190 and you coming to social finance 630 00:28:02.190 --> 00:28:04.290 and working on an action learning project. 631 00:28:04.290 --> 00:28:06.510 So I think it would be great for you 632 00:28:06.510 --> 00:28:09.210 to go through your slides 633 00:28:09.210 --> 00:28:13.500 and then for us to talk about what it means 634 00:28:13.500 --> 00:28:16.170 for our class experience. 635 00:28:16.170 --> 00:28:17.400 Yeah. Thank you so much Gayle. 636 00:28:17.400 --> 00:28:19.050 Thank you for the opportunity to be here. 637 00:28:19.050 --> 00:28:21.690 And I've loved everything that I've heard so far 638 00:28:21.690 --> 00:28:24.300 from Stephanie and Graham. 639 00:28:24.300 --> 00:28:26.910 It's really exciting to hear about their work 640 00:28:26.910 --> 00:28:30.030 and I'm really excited about this opportunity. 641 00:28:30.030 --> 00:28:33.545 I think, when you go to places like Said 642 00:28:33.545 --> 00:28:36.990 and I have a graduate degree as well, 643 00:28:36.990 --> 00:28:38.580 I think you learn a lot in the classroom, 644 00:28:38.580 --> 00:28:39.780 but I think for me, 645 00:28:39.780 --> 00:28:42.240 I always learn the most from other people, right? 646 00:28:42.240 --> 00:28:43.320 And their experiences. 647 00:28:43.320 --> 00:28:45.420 And so yeah, 648 00:28:45.420 --> 00:28:47.720 I love the conversations that we've had today. 649 00:28:48.630 --> 00:28:50.070 My name is Dawson Her Many Horses. 650 00:28:50.070 --> 00:28:52.803 I'm an enrolled member of the Rosebud Sioux tribe. 651 00:28:53.940 --> 00:28:57.607 My tribe is one of 574 federally recognised tribes 652 00:28:57.607 --> 00:28:59.163 in the US. 653 00:29:00.810 --> 00:29:04.110 I have a background in commercial investment banking. 654 00:29:04.110 --> 00:29:08.910 I spent most of my career, much of my career, I should say, 655 00:29:08.910 --> 00:29:12.500 focused on financing the casino industry. 656 00:29:12.500 --> 00:29:14.400 And over the last five years, 657 00:29:14.400 --> 00:29:18.450 I've kind of transitioned and have been working 658 00:29:18.450 --> 00:29:22.240 a little more broadly on supporting tribal communities 659 00:29:23.220 --> 00:29:26.193 from a tribal governmental and non-gaming perspective. 660 00:29:27.600 --> 00:29:30.600 The financial institution that I work for, 661 00:29:30.600 --> 00:29:34.560 we do quite a bit of work with tribal communities. 662 00:29:34.560 --> 00:29:35.790 We have relationships 663 00:29:35.790 --> 00:29:38.610 with one out of three federal recognised tribes. 664 00:29:38.610 --> 00:29:41.070 We have about 3.4 billion in credit committed 665 00:29:41.070 --> 00:29:44.610 to tribal communities as well as about four billion 666 00:29:44.610 --> 00:29:47.040 in deposits with our tribal clients. 667 00:29:47.040 --> 00:29:48.810 And so we do a lot of work, 668 00:29:48.810 --> 00:29:51.330 but there's a lot more work to be done, right? 669 00:29:51.330 --> 00:29:55.350 And I think the discussion that I'll touch on today 670 00:29:55.350 --> 00:29:57.780 will kind of go into some of the reasons 671 00:29:57.780 --> 00:30:01.530 why I think we need to start exploring social finance 672 00:30:01.530 --> 00:30:03.690 for tribal communities, certainly within the US, 673 00:30:03.690 --> 00:30:07.503 and I'm sure more broadly across the world. 674 00:30:08.400 --> 00:30:10.080 If we want to go to the next slide, 675 00:30:10.080 --> 00:30:11.913 please that would be helpful. 676 00:30:12.990 --> 00:30:15.840 I love this conversation of regenerative finance 677 00:30:15.840 --> 00:30:17.214 and I loved... 678 00:30:17.214 --> 00:30:21.243 Gayle posted a video on Friday, Saturday, 679 00:30:22.590 --> 00:30:24.930 kind of talking about exploring themes 680 00:30:24.930 --> 00:30:26.430 of regeneration, right? 681 00:30:26.430 --> 00:30:28.530 And it really got me kind of thinking like, 682 00:30:28.530 --> 00:30:31.530 what does it mean to kind of put tribal communities 683 00:30:31.530 --> 00:30:34.710 at the centre of a financial community 684 00:30:34.710 --> 00:30:37.110 or an economic system, right? 685 00:30:37.110 --> 00:30:39.810 Because I think right now the system that we have 686 00:30:39.810 --> 00:30:43.110 and Stephanie and Graham have both talked about it. 687 00:30:43.110 --> 00:30:45.390 The system that we have doesn't work, right? 688 00:30:45.390 --> 00:30:49.530 And it doesn't kind of work for tribal communities. 689 00:30:49.530 --> 00:30:51.330 And I think when we think about US communities, 690 00:30:51.330 --> 00:30:53.130 I think we need to think about three things. 691 00:30:53.130 --> 00:30:56.910 One, we need to honour tribal sovereignty, right? 692 00:30:56.910 --> 00:30:58.800 And what does that mean, right? 693 00:30:58.800 --> 00:31:03.090 Within the US, tribes are more than a racial group, right? 694 00:31:03.090 --> 00:31:04.350 We're more than ethnic group. 695 00:31:04.350 --> 00:31:07.890 In the US we're actually nations, right? 696 00:31:07.890 --> 00:31:12.120 And we're nations, we're governments. 697 00:31:12.120 --> 00:31:15.990 And I'm an enrolled member of my tribe. 698 00:31:15.990 --> 00:31:17.460 I'm a citizen of my tribe. 699 00:31:17.460 --> 00:31:19.080 I live in Las Vegas, 700 00:31:19.080 --> 00:31:21.780 I'm a resident of the state of Nevada, 701 00:31:21.780 --> 00:31:24.330 and I'm a citizen of the United States, right? 702 00:31:24.330 --> 00:31:27.512 And when we think about, 703 00:31:27.512 --> 00:31:30.420 centering tribes within a financial system, 704 00:31:30.420 --> 00:31:32.970 we need to kind of acknowledge in an honour 705 00:31:32.970 --> 00:31:36.123 that sovereignty that tribal governments have, right? 706 00:31:37.380 --> 00:31:40.170 Along with that, I think we need to acknowledge 707 00:31:40.170 --> 00:31:43.530 just the legacies of colonialism in the US, right? 708 00:31:43.530 --> 00:31:45.750 And I think from a economic perspective, 709 00:31:45.750 --> 00:31:47.580 from a banking perspective, 710 00:31:47.580 --> 00:31:51.900 the big way that shows up is in land, right? 711 00:31:51.900 --> 00:31:56.343 Tribal communities, Native Americans and Alaska natives, 712 00:31:57.600 --> 00:32:02.340 many live on reservations and the tribal governments 713 00:32:02.340 --> 00:32:05.730 that own this land or own this land 714 00:32:05.730 --> 00:32:09.450 or kind of occupy the land on reservations 715 00:32:09.450 --> 00:32:11.220 don't actually own it, right? 716 00:32:11.220 --> 00:32:14.530 This land is held in trust by the US government 717 00:32:16.464 --> 00:32:18.330 for the benefit of tribal communities, right? 718 00:32:18.330 --> 00:32:21.459 So there's no way for tribes or individual tribal members 719 00:32:21.459 --> 00:32:24.600 to kind of use that land as collateral, right? 720 00:32:24.600 --> 00:32:27.510 And what that does is it just creates 721 00:32:27.510 --> 00:32:28.890 a lot of complications, right? 722 00:32:28.890 --> 00:32:31.710 So I think when we think about this world of social finance, 723 00:32:31.710 --> 00:32:33.420 finance a little more broadly, 724 00:32:33.420 --> 00:32:36.210 we need to kind of just acknowledge that like, 725 00:32:36.210 --> 00:32:38.070 one of the wicked problems in this space 726 00:32:38.070 --> 00:32:40.680 is just this legacy of these legal systems, 727 00:32:40.680 --> 00:32:44.010 and ownership, and things like that 728 00:32:44.010 --> 00:32:46.650 because it just creates a lot of complications 729 00:32:46.650 --> 00:32:48.780 that I think the financial community 730 00:32:48.780 --> 00:32:52.800 just hasn't been able to kind of wrap their head around. 731 00:32:52.800 --> 00:32:56.760 I think finally, when it comes to designing solutions 732 00:32:56.760 --> 00:32:57.600 for tribal communities, 733 00:32:57.600 --> 00:32:59.700 we need to think outside the box, right? 734 00:32:59.700 --> 00:33:01.380 Because in the finance community 735 00:33:01.380 --> 00:33:03.090 we think in terms of a box, right? 736 00:33:03.090 --> 00:33:05.790 We have a risk box, right? 737 00:33:05.790 --> 00:33:08.640 And then we kind of finance things within that box. 738 00:33:08.640 --> 00:33:10.740 But I think if we want to actually 739 00:33:10.740 --> 00:33:12.270 support tribal communities 740 00:33:12.270 --> 00:33:15.600 and kind of put them at the centre of everything that we do, 741 00:33:15.600 --> 00:33:17.220 we need to think creatively, right? 742 00:33:17.220 --> 00:33:18.840 We also need to along with that, 743 00:33:18.840 --> 00:33:21.360 we need to bring in other forms of capital 744 00:33:21.360 --> 00:33:26.220 to kind of help open up markets within tribal communities 745 00:33:26.220 --> 00:33:28.740 to be able to support all aspects 746 00:33:28.740 --> 00:33:30.840 of Native American finance. 747 00:33:30.840 --> 00:33:32.763 So next slide please. 748 00:33:35.250 --> 00:33:37.410 There's a lot of work that's already been done 749 00:33:37.410 --> 00:33:39.480 in Native American, Alaska Native communities, 750 00:33:39.480 --> 00:33:41.370 indigenous communities more broadly. 751 00:33:41.370 --> 00:33:43.080 And I think the perspective I bring 752 00:33:43.080 --> 00:33:46.080 is somebody who's done a lot of financing 753 00:33:46.080 --> 00:33:47.880 with tribal governments 754 00:33:47.880 --> 00:33:51.453 and the businesses that tribal governments own. 755 00:33:53.250 --> 00:33:55.440 What I think is important about this perspective 756 00:33:55.440 --> 00:33:58.410 is that if we want to have an impact in tribal communities, 757 00:33:58.410 --> 00:34:03.410 if we want be able to kind of measure and see progress 758 00:34:06.510 --> 00:34:08.040 within our generation 759 00:34:08.040 --> 00:34:11.070 we need to think about financing 760 00:34:11.070 --> 00:34:12.570 and supporting tribal communities 761 00:34:12.570 --> 00:34:15.000 from a tribal governmental perspective, right? 762 00:34:15.000 --> 00:34:20.000 In mainstream America, the entrepreneur is kind of... 763 00:34:20.340 --> 00:34:22.290 I mean, the US, in the mainstream America, 764 00:34:22.290 --> 00:34:25.710 the entrepreneurs like the centre of kind of like our world, 765 00:34:25.710 --> 00:34:26.543 right? 766 00:34:26.543 --> 00:34:30.090 Those entrepreneurs, start out with companies 767 00:34:30.090 --> 00:34:33.061 that are supported by VCs and private equity 768 00:34:33.061 --> 00:34:34.650 and they kind of grow, right? 769 00:34:34.650 --> 00:34:37.050 And they turn into these large corporations 770 00:34:37.050 --> 00:34:38.130 that employ a lot of people. 771 00:34:38.130 --> 00:34:40.050 But in Native America, 772 00:34:40.050 --> 00:34:43.140 it's the tribal government that's the primary actor, right? 773 00:34:43.140 --> 00:34:45.960 On tribal lands in Native American communities, 774 00:34:45.960 --> 00:34:48.720 the tribal government is the primary economic actor. 775 00:34:48.720 --> 00:34:51.570 They're the ones that start businesses, 776 00:34:51.570 --> 00:34:55.200 they're the ones that typically employ most people 777 00:34:55.200 --> 00:34:56.580 on tribal lands, 778 00:34:56.580 --> 00:35:00.420 and they're the ones whose kind of revenues 779 00:35:00.420 --> 00:35:05.420 are supporting just tribal economies a little more broadly. 780 00:35:05.640 --> 00:35:08.100 So I think we need to think about, 781 00:35:08.100 --> 00:35:10.020 if we want to have an impact on tribal communities 782 00:35:10.020 --> 00:35:11.570 we need to kind of think about, 783 00:35:12.510 --> 00:35:14.100 working through tribal governments 784 00:35:14.100 --> 00:35:18.117 to get the scale and make the impact that we want to have. 785 00:35:18.117 --> 00:35:20.373 And so, next slide, please. 786 00:35:21.540 --> 00:35:24.150 So tribal owned businesses is one way to do that. 787 00:35:24.150 --> 00:35:29.150 And right now in the US within tribal communities, 788 00:35:30.090 --> 00:35:32.820 one of the biggest drivers of economic development 789 00:35:32.820 --> 00:35:35.280 is casinos, right? 790 00:35:35.280 --> 00:35:37.740 Casinos, and I won't go into it now 791 00:35:37.740 --> 00:35:38.790 because we don't have enough time, 792 00:35:38.790 --> 00:35:42.120 but casinos have been a big driver of economic development. 793 00:35:42.120 --> 00:35:43.320 The profits from casinos 794 00:35:43.320 --> 00:35:44.970 have flowed back to tribal governments 795 00:35:44.970 --> 00:35:48.573 and fund important governmental services. 796 00:35:50.400 --> 00:35:52.980 But when it comes to actually financing these casinos 797 00:35:52.980 --> 00:35:54.600 and other non-gaming businesses 798 00:35:54.600 --> 00:35:56.433 from a pure banking perspective, 799 00:35:57.322 --> 00:36:00.907 it can be a challenge because within a bank 800 00:36:00.907 --> 00:36:03.810 we don't always kind of know where to put them, right? 801 00:36:03.810 --> 00:36:05.730 Do we put them with the government group 802 00:36:05.730 --> 00:36:08.040 or do we put them with the casino group, right? 803 00:36:08.040 --> 00:36:10.620 And whatever group that we put them into, 804 00:36:10.620 --> 00:36:13.320 we're not going to be able to kind of meet the needs 805 00:36:13.320 --> 00:36:15.510 of like the whole tribal government 806 00:36:15.510 --> 00:36:18.930 because if you put the tribe with the casino 807 00:36:18.930 --> 00:36:20.190 and the casino group, 808 00:36:20.190 --> 00:36:24.300 the casino group doesn't know how to finance schools, 809 00:36:24.300 --> 00:36:28.020 hospitals, healthcare, things like that. 810 00:36:28.020 --> 00:36:29.130 So it's a big challenge, 811 00:36:29.130 --> 00:36:31.170 but I think banks are kind of working through it. 812 00:36:31.170 --> 00:36:32.223 Next slide, please. 813 00:36:34.199 --> 00:36:35.907 The next piece of this is tribal governments, right? 814 00:36:35.907 --> 00:36:38.340 And tribal governments have huge finance needs 815 00:36:38.340 --> 00:36:39.420 as you can see here. 816 00:36:39.420 --> 00:36:43.110 33.7 billion in housing needs, right? 817 00:36:43.110 --> 00:36:47.673 Banks just haven't been able to kind of get there, right? 818 00:36:47.673 --> 00:36:50.850 Some very successful tribes 819 00:36:50.850 --> 00:36:53.490 have been able to kind of go to the capital markets 820 00:36:53.490 --> 00:36:58.200 to get the capital they need for their projects. 821 00:36:58.200 --> 00:37:01.410 But I think we need to start that conversation 822 00:37:01.410 --> 00:37:04.320 with the larger social enterprise, 823 00:37:04.320 --> 00:37:06.000 the a hundred plus trillion 824 00:37:06.000 --> 00:37:07.740 that Gayle was talking about earlier, 825 00:37:07.740 --> 00:37:09.510 that larger investor community 826 00:37:09.510 --> 00:37:11.910 and talk about mobilising capital, 827 00:37:11.910 --> 00:37:14.361 impact capital and bringing it into country 828 00:37:14.361 --> 00:37:16.650 or tribal communities within the US. 829 00:37:16.650 --> 00:37:17.643 Next slide, please. 830 00:37:18.750 --> 00:37:22.110 And then finally, this is like the big puzzle here. 831 00:37:22.110 --> 00:37:23.130 This is the conundrum. 832 00:37:23.130 --> 00:37:28.130 How do we support individual tribal members, right? 833 00:37:29.040 --> 00:37:32.580 Because tribal members most don't own the land 834 00:37:32.580 --> 00:37:33.480 that they live on. 835 00:37:34.440 --> 00:37:35.430 If they own a business 836 00:37:35.430 --> 00:37:37.860 they don't have the ability to kind of pledge land 837 00:37:37.860 --> 00:37:40.620 as collateral or a small business loan. 838 00:37:40.620 --> 00:37:42.420 And so how do we kind of support them 839 00:37:42.420 --> 00:37:44.640 if they want a mortgage, right? 840 00:37:44.640 --> 00:37:46.440 If they want to kind of build a house, 841 00:37:46.440 --> 00:37:47.760 like how are we going to, 842 00:37:47.760 --> 00:37:49.950 because a bank can't take that land as collateral, 843 00:37:49.950 --> 00:37:52.530 like it's very hard to get a mortgage, right? 844 00:37:52.530 --> 00:37:55.110 And there are some solutions within the US 845 00:37:55.110 --> 00:37:57.360 for mortgages, but it's hard, right? 846 00:37:57.360 --> 00:37:59.820 And so I think when we think about 847 00:37:59.820 --> 00:38:01.560 supporting individual tribal members 848 00:38:01.560 --> 00:38:03.000 and the businesses they own, 849 00:38:03.000 --> 00:38:04.560 I think there's a huge opportunity 850 00:38:04.560 --> 00:38:08.430 for the social enterprise and traditional philanthropy 851 00:38:08.430 --> 00:38:12.840 to kind of come in and brainstorm and think about ways 852 00:38:12.840 --> 00:38:15.240 to kind of support individual tribal members 853 00:38:15.240 --> 00:38:16.140 in tribal communities 854 00:38:16.140 --> 00:38:18.300 because I don't think anyone's 855 00:38:18.300 --> 00:38:19.410 really figured that out, right? 856 00:38:19.410 --> 00:38:20.687 We have CDFIs, 857 00:38:20.687 --> 00:38:24.570 Stephanie was talking about the CDFIs she worked up for, 858 00:38:24.570 --> 00:38:26.250 we have 'em in in tribal communities, 859 00:38:26.250 --> 00:38:28.770 but again, we don't have 'em at scale 860 00:38:28.770 --> 00:38:30.090 and we need more of them, right? 861 00:38:30.090 --> 00:38:31.230 So it's a big issue. 862 00:38:31.230 --> 00:38:34.190 But again, this is something that we'll talk about 863 00:38:34.190 --> 00:38:35.280 in social finance 864 00:38:35.280 --> 00:38:38.883 and look forward to any questions that folks have. 865 00:38:39.990 --> 00:38:40.926 So that's it for me. 866 00:38:40.926 --> 00:38:41.880 Thank you. 867 00:38:41.880 --> 00:38:42.840 That's fantastic. 868 00:38:42.840 --> 00:38:47.840 I think that it's important that we're going to build a bank 869 00:38:48.240 --> 00:38:49.590 in social finance. 870 00:38:49.590 --> 00:38:51.600 That is our role is to build a bank 871 00:38:51.600 --> 00:38:55.170 that's going to meet the needs of tribal nations in the US 872 00:38:55.170 --> 00:38:56.640 and beyond. 873 00:38:56.640 --> 00:38:59.700 When we think about who owns the land 874 00:38:59.700 --> 00:39:02.100 or controls land worldwide, 875 00:39:02.100 --> 00:39:07.100 indigenous people have maintained the nature, 876 00:39:08.040 --> 00:39:09.840 the natural balance. 877 00:39:09.840 --> 00:39:13.650 And so how we preserve and conserve nature 878 00:39:13.650 --> 00:39:15.180 is really essential. 879 00:39:15.180 --> 00:39:17.400 So, but how we build a bank 880 00:39:17.400 --> 00:39:20.130 and to serve the specific needs of communities 881 00:39:20.130 --> 00:39:22.620 is something that is really important. 882 00:39:22.620 --> 00:39:24.690 We've got Stephanie, who's been a banker, 883 00:39:24.690 --> 00:39:27.060 we've got Graham, who's got the faith on his side, 884 00:39:27.060 --> 00:39:29.820 we've got Dawson, who's got finance experience. 885 00:39:29.820 --> 00:39:33.720 And so how do we bring those skills to you 886 00:39:33.720 --> 00:39:34.615 in social finance? 887 00:39:34.615 --> 00:39:37.620 How do we begin to deploy philanthropy, 888 00:39:37.620 --> 00:39:39.240 public sector resources? 889 00:39:39.240 --> 00:39:41.430 Now I'm going to go back to my colleagues, 890 00:39:41.430 --> 00:39:45.813 Stephanie and Dawson, and say, define what CDFI is? 891 00:39:47.430 --> 00:39:50.670 Define what CDFI is because that is not a phenomenon 892 00:39:50.670 --> 00:39:52.500 that exists in other parts of the world? 893 00:39:52.500 --> 00:39:54.280 Gotcha. Sorry about that. 894 00:39:54.280 --> 00:39:58.743 Alphabet suit, community development financial institutions. 895 00:39:59.970 --> 00:40:02.100 They were actually patterned after ShoreBank 896 00:40:02.100 --> 00:40:05.220 when Bill Clinton was in office in the US, 897 00:40:05.220 --> 00:40:09.390 we set up that function within the Department of Treasury 898 00:40:09.390 --> 00:40:11.100 where some funds were available 899 00:40:11.100 --> 00:40:12.390 to those types of institutions 900 00:40:12.390 --> 00:40:15.240 as well as some technical assistance. 901 00:40:15.240 --> 00:40:16.620 And that's really important. 902 00:40:16.620 --> 00:40:20.220 And it gets at one of the questions that we've got too. 903 00:40:20.220 --> 00:40:22.110 Laura, we're going to get to you, you're at the airport, 904 00:40:22.110 --> 00:40:24.420 I see, you're connected. 905 00:40:24.420 --> 00:40:27.600 But the idea of what's the role of the public sector? 906 00:40:27.600 --> 00:40:29.730 That's one of the questions that we're getting 907 00:40:29.730 --> 00:40:31.530 in the chat box. 908 00:40:31.530 --> 00:40:33.270 What's the role of the public sector? 909 00:40:33.270 --> 00:40:35.763 Public sector created CDFIs. 910 00:40:37.350 --> 00:40:40.110 How do you create community financing 911 00:40:40.110 --> 00:40:43.200 that was government driven, public policy driven? 912 00:40:43.200 --> 00:40:46.080 So when we think about how we approach social finance, 913 00:40:46.080 --> 00:40:48.930 public policies' essential, 914 00:40:48.930 --> 00:40:52.290 how we en engage and involve the private sector 915 00:40:52.290 --> 00:40:54.210 and the public sector is important. 916 00:40:54.210 --> 00:40:56.910 Now, what Dawson's pointing out is 917 00:40:56.910 --> 00:40:58.395 that's a very tricky situation 918 00:40:58.395 --> 00:41:02.370 when you've got sovereign states and sovereign nations 919 00:41:02.370 --> 00:41:05.010 that are controlled by the federal government. 920 00:41:05.010 --> 00:41:07.830 And what is that dynamic and what does that really look like 921 00:41:07.830 --> 00:41:09.543 in that system of change? 922 00:41:10.470 --> 00:41:11.490 So we're going to hold that. 923 00:41:11.490 --> 00:41:12.450 I'm going to go to Laura, 924 00:41:12.450 --> 00:41:16.740 who's now at, again, it's wonderful to see you. 925 00:41:16.740 --> 00:41:21.740 And one of our alums who is also going to be involved 926 00:41:22.290 --> 00:41:24.870 in an action learning project in Mexico, 927 00:41:24.870 --> 00:41:27.210 because we're not only going to be building a bank, 928 00:41:27.210 --> 00:41:28.770 but we're going to be building 929 00:41:28.770 --> 00:41:32.879 a impact investment/social finance institution 930 00:41:32.879 --> 00:41:36.240 or organisation in Mexico 931 00:41:36.240 --> 00:41:41.160 to help preserve and sustain fishing communities and oceans. 932 00:41:41.160 --> 00:41:45.930 So with Kobe and Laura knows Kobe and Jorge well, yeah. 933 00:41:45.930 --> 00:41:47.250 And Maria Jose. 934 00:41:47.250 --> 00:41:49.830 So Laura, you don't have slides for us, 935 00:41:49.830 --> 00:41:52.680 but I know that you're passionate about this issue, 936 00:41:52.680 --> 00:41:53.910 regeneration. 937 00:41:53.910 --> 00:41:56.750 So give us five minutes on... 938 00:41:57.780 --> 00:41:59.760 Inspire us, tell us what you're doing 939 00:41:59.760 --> 00:42:02.610 and what your interpretation is of a regeneration. 940 00:42:02.610 --> 00:42:03.720 Yes, thank you. 941 00:42:03.720 --> 00:42:05.760 Can you hear me all right? 942 00:42:05.760 --> 00:42:06.756 Yes. Okay, perfect. 943 00:42:06.756 --> 00:42:08.370 Thank you so much. 944 00:42:08.370 --> 00:42:12.240 And it's been wonderful to hear everyone's stories 945 00:42:12.240 --> 00:42:15.460 starting with Stephanie's because I was a banker too 946 00:42:16.495 --> 00:42:20.340 in 2008, but I was in Citibank in Mexico. 947 00:42:20.340 --> 00:42:24.060 And being a banker and being in wealth management 948 00:42:24.060 --> 00:42:26.380 and then going into asset management 949 00:42:27.510 --> 00:42:30.330 really put me in (indistinct) 950 00:42:30.330 --> 00:42:35.330 So ethical dilemmas, accountability to my customers, 951 00:42:40.110 --> 00:42:43.200 and just the fact that I had ethical dilemma 952 00:42:43.200 --> 00:42:45.390 for me was a huge problem. 953 00:42:45.390 --> 00:42:46.863 And I basically, 954 00:42:49.620 --> 00:42:54.620 I got into panic attack and their collateral after that 955 00:42:56.400 --> 00:43:00.700 because I was ruining my identity in... 956 00:43:03.270 --> 00:43:04.980 Laura, you're breaking up a little bit. 957 00:43:04.980 --> 00:43:07.230 Why don't you take off your video 958 00:43:07.230 --> 00:43:08.853 and see if that's any better? 959 00:43:10.503 --> 00:43:11.687 Okay. 960 00:43:11.687 --> 00:43:13.143 Is this better? 961 00:43:14.820 --> 00:43:16.740 Can you hear me better? 962 00:43:16.740 --> 00:43:18.903 Yeah, let's try that. 963 00:43:20.850 --> 00:43:24.060 Okay, I can also connect from my cell phone. 964 00:43:24.060 --> 00:43:26.013 My cell phone is wonderful connection. 965 00:43:27.210 --> 00:43:29.300 So, as I was saying... 966 00:43:30.965 --> 00:43:33.300 Yeah, okay. 967 00:43:33.300 --> 00:43:38.300 So basically I quit banking in 2014 968 00:43:38.760 --> 00:43:41.430 precisely because I thought there was an alternative. 969 00:43:41.430 --> 00:43:43.620 And I heard about three of those bank 970 00:43:43.620 --> 00:43:46.110 that was a responsible bank, and I was like, 971 00:43:46.110 --> 00:43:47.550 if there's a responsible bank, 972 00:43:47.550 --> 00:43:50.130 what does that say about the rest? 973 00:43:50.130 --> 00:43:51.840 If there's ethical investing, 974 00:43:51.840 --> 00:43:54.360 what does that say about investing? 975 00:43:54.360 --> 00:43:56.100 And I started questioning myself, 976 00:43:56.100 --> 00:43:59.460 and I'm really, really happy that in this conversation 977 00:43:59.460 --> 00:44:01.800 we're already started with the colonisation 978 00:44:01.800 --> 00:44:03.240 as one of the topics, 979 00:44:03.240 --> 00:44:07.350 because that means the conversation has really evolved. 980 00:44:07.350 --> 00:44:10.890 I was in Oxford in 2015, 981 00:44:10.890 --> 00:44:14.010 and I'm super, super happy to see the evolution 982 00:44:14.010 --> 00:44:17.400 of the conversations that Oxford has brought about 983 00:44:17.400 --> 00:44:20.250 and that I also have recommended some other students 984 00:44:20.250 --> 00:44:21.603 that have already been. 985 00:44:22.470 --> 00:44:26.550 And I do see that evolution happening not only in Oxford, 986 00:44:26.550 --> 00:44:29.070 but globally, I think for the whole sector. 987 00:44:29.070 --> 00:44:32.670 So when I met John Kohler, 988 00:44:32.670 --> 00:44:33.870 I don't know if you guys know him, 989 00:44:33.870 --> 00:44:37.167 but he's a faculty member in Santa Barbara, 990 00:44:37.167 --> 00:44:40.260 and he does a lot of impact investing courses 991 00:44:40.260 --> 00:44:43.770 and the management training in the US. 992 00:44:43.770 --> 00:44:45.180 And basically he gives... 993 00:44:45.180 --> 00:44:49.140 So what I said was that I had the American version 994 00:44:49.140 --> 00:44:51.270 of impact investing from him 995 00:44:51.270 --> 00:44:54.480 and the UK European version from Oxford. 996 00:44:54.480 --> 00:44:56.580 And it was very complimentary 997 00:44:56.580 --> 00:44:59.280 to have both perspectives, I think. 998 00:44:59.280 --> 00:45:01.740 So when I saw that impact investing existed, 999 00:45:01.740 --> 00:45:05.520 I really wanted to dedicate my full life to it to serve. 1000 00:45:05.520 --> 00:45:08.340 And basically I was asking everyone I knew 1001 00:45:08.340 --> 00:45:10.140 in impact investing, like, how can I serve? 1002 00:45:10.140 --> 00:45:13.650 And when I talked to them about my background, they said... 1003 00:45:13.650 --> 00:45:15.033 You tell me if I break up. 1004 00:45:16.590 --> 00:45:19.470 They say that all impact investing 1005 00:45:19.470 --> 00:45:21.480 needed a lot of investor relations, 1006 00:45:21.480 --> 00:45:23.160 and that's where I started. 1007 00:45:23.160 --> 00:45:24.240 And in Mexico, 1008 00:45:24.240 --> 00:45:27.690 there was no Spanish speaking impact investing courses. 1009 00:45:27.690 --> 00:45:30.180 So we started educating investors. 1010 00:45:30.180 --> 00:45:31.710 And when we started doing that, 1011 00:45:31.710 --> 00:45:36.570 we started realising that many investors lacked direction 1012 00:45:36.570 --> 00:45:39.240 when they heard about impact investing. 1013 00:45:39.240 --> 00:45:41.386 And I thought myself, 1014 00:45:41.386 --> 00:45:44.040 I kind of lacked a little bit of direction, 1015 00:45:44.040 --> 00:45:48.120 but then I started learning about regeneration around 2017, 1016 00:45:48.120 --> 00:45:50.430 more or less, from John Fullerton. 1017 00:45:50.430 --> 00:45:52.170 He's in the Capital Institute, 1018 00:45:52.170 --> 00:45:54.420 and he wrote regenerative capitalism 1019 00:45:54.420 --> 00:45:58.800 that he now calls it regenerative economy 1020 00:45:58.800 --> 00:46:00.300 instead of capitalism. 1021 00:46:00.300 --> 00:46:03.540 And he grounds that concept in eight principles, 1022 00:46:03.540 --> 00:46:06.570 that he was inspired by nature 1023 00:46:06.570 --> 00:46:08.160 to write about those eight principles. 1024 00:46:08.160 --> 00:46:11.040 So a lot of what all these previous panellists 1025 00:46:11.040 --> 00:46:14.610 have talked about is grounded on two of those principles, 1026 00:46:14.610 --> 00:46:19.140 which is circularity and right relationship. 1027 00:46:19.140 --> 00:46:24.140 So like that reciprocal relationship is found in nature, 1028 00:46:25.080 --> 00:46:28.440 and that distributed property is actually found 1029 00:46:28.440 --> 00:46:32.940 in the best historical bank of humanity, which is the soil. 1030 00:46:32.940 --> 00:46:37.940 So if we use the metaphor of soil as a bank, 1031 00:46:38.130 --> 00:46:42.150 soil is inherently distributed by design, 1032 00:46:42.150 --> 00:46:44.973 it nourishes everyone and everything. 1033 00:46:46.020 --> 00:46:47.880 So it's not even an anthropocentric, 1034 00:46:47.880 --> 00:46:50.410 it's lifecentric as a bank. 1035 00:46:50.410 --> 00:46:54.300 So if we use that metaphor of soil as a bank, 1036 00:46:54.300 --> 00:46:57.390 then we can see capital as water, 1037 00:46:57.390 --> 00:47:01.260 and we start hoping that water flows. 1038 00:47:01.260 --> 00:47:03.450 And right now there's a lot of, 1039 00:47:03.450 --> 00:47:06.690 how do you say, in Spanish is (speaking Spanish) 1040 00:47:06.690 --> 00:47:11.690 when the blood clots and then it starts going black, 1041 00:47:15.455 --> 00:47:18.300 or yeah, blood clot, right? 1042 00:47:18.300 --> 00:47:19.133 Yeah. 1043 00:47:19.133 --> 00:47:22.710 So when something dies because there's a blood clot, right? 1044 00:47:22.710 --> 00:47:25.104 So when we allow that circularity, 1045 00:47:25.104 --> 00:47:28.770 I think right now there's a lot of wealth accumulation 1046 00:47:28.770 --> 00:47:31.500 and concentration in very few hands 1047 00:47:31.500 --> 00:47:35.340 that it's acting as a blood clot. 1048 00:47:35.340 --> 00:47:38.310 So we need capital to flow. 1049 00:47:38.310 --> 00:47:42.570 And basically that's what I've been studying, 1050 00:47:42.570 --> 00:47:45.404 applying, trying to do in Mexico 1051 00:47:45.404 --> 00:47:49.500 to let capital flow to ensure that it serves life 1052 00:47:49.500 --> 00:47:51.577 instead of governing it. 1053 00:47:51.577 --> 00:47:54.900 And I think a thematic that I heard a lot 1054 00:47:54.900 --> 00:47:56.520 was about ownership. 1055 00:47:56.520 --> 00:48:01.140 And I think ownership is a very important concept 1056 00:48:01.140 --> 00:48:05.100 that embodies a little bit of our current economy, 1057 00:48:05.100 --> 00:48:08.340 but before that we belong to the land 1058 00:48:08.340 --> 00:48:11.010 instead of the land belonging to us. 1059 00:48:11.010 --> 00:48:15.480 And it is just, how do we shift those paradigms 1060 00:48:15.480 --> 00:48:17.580 to follow nature's principles? 1061 00:48:17.580 --> 00:48:20.970 And the work that we've been doing mostly since 2017 1062 00:48:20.970 --> 00:48:23.940 is going into the intersection with climate finance. 1063 00:48:23.940 --> 00:48:27.480 So we go a lot into biodiversity regeneration. 1064 00:48:27.480 --> 00:48:32.190 And I think that's my calling because my grandma 1065 00:48:32.190 --> 00:48:35.730 used to be a biology teacher and she taught me 1066 00:48:35.730 --> 00:48:38.590 to transmit that love for life 1067 00:48:40.626 --> 00:48:42.570 while you teach or while you work. 1068 00:48:42.570 --> 00:48:45.750 And I think I'm trying to carry her message. 1069 00:48:45.750 --> 00:48:48.750 So I've been really, really happy to stay connected 1070 00:48:48.750 --> 00:48:49.583 with Gayle. 1071 00:48:49.583 --> 00:48:52.170 I've been really happy to get to know probably 1072 00:48:52.170 --> 00:48:54.990 the case that we're going to be working on, 1073 00:48:54.990 --> 00:48:59.990 which is amazing because it's led by really systemic people 1074 00:49:00.930 --> 00:49:03.660 that are really at the service of the project 1075 00:49:03.660 --> 00:49:05.280 and they're super humble about it, 1076 00:49:05.280 --> 00:49:07.680 and their mission is bigger than themselves. 1077 00:49:07.680 --> 00:49:10.890 So I think that is very important that is key 1078 00:49:10.890 --> 00:49:13.178 for anything that we start and impact. 1079 00:49:13.178 --> 00:49:15.060 So thank you so much, Gayle. 1080 00:49:15.060 --> 00:49:18.090 It is an absolute honour to be invited 1081 00:49:18.090 --> 00:49:21.840 and to be amongst, Graham, Dawson, Stephanie, 1082 00:49:21.840 --> 00:49:23.220 it is just amazing stories 1083 00:49:23.220 --> 00:49:25.590 and I think it's going to be a lot of fun. 1084 00:49:25.590 --> 00:49:28.560 And I really want to learn about all of you too. 1085 00:49:28.560 --> 00:49:32.010 So thank you, and it's just a privilege. 1086 00:49:32.010 --> 00:49:33.900 I think, I think for me 1087 00:49:33.900 --> 00:49:36.180 what the message for social finance 1088 00:49:36.180 --> 00:49:39.870 when we are dealing with the most wicked challenging issues 1089 00:49:39.870 --> 00:49:43.050 is the collegiality and friendship that we have. 1090 00:49:43.050 --> 00:49:46.680 This is not going to happen by just one of us 1091 00:49:46.680 --> 00:49:50.100 working on a project, it's all of us, the collective. 1092 00:49:50.100 --> 00:49:52.680 So what we're trying to do in these webinars 1093 00:49:52.680 --> 00:49:55.020 is really show you what the community looks like. 1094 00:49:55.020 --> 00:49:58.170 When you are in the classroom this conversation happens. 1095 00:49:58.170 --> 00:50:00.090 We talk about ethics, we talk about finance, 1096 00:50:00.090 --> 00:50:02.580 we talk about the nuts and bolts of deal making, 1097 00:50:02.580 --> 00:50:05.610 but we also talk about how we collaborate. 1098 00:50:05.610 --> 00:50:08.610 So we do have a session on negotiation. 1099 00:50:08.610 --> 00:50:10.980 How do we pull together people that, 1100 00:50:10.980 --> 00:50:13.290 well, we talk about lost in translation 1101 00:50:13.290 --> 00:50:14.970 and how we're multilingual 1102 00:50:14.970 --> 00:50:18.240 when we're dealing with the challenges that we face 1103 00:50:18.240 --> 00:50:20.760 and deploying capital with a heart. 1104 00:50:20.760 --> 00:50:24.450 And those are the key things we need to keep in mind 1105 00:50:24.450 --> 00:50:29.450 as we're the touchstones as we are building out new models. 1106 00:50:29.610 --> 00:50:31.260 So Steve, we've got some Q&A. 1107 00:50:31.260 --> 00:50:33.330 Do you want to share those with us? 1108 00:50:33.330 --> 00:50:35.010 And we'll have the conversation, 1109 00:50:35.010 --> 00:50:39.120 we can fill them with our friends? 1110 00:50:39.120 --> 00:50:39.953 Yeah, sure. 1111 00:50:39.953 --> 00:50:42.570 We've got a couple of questions, actually. 1112 00:50:42.570 --> 00:50:44.707 So I'll start off with this one. 1113 00:50:44.707 --> 00:50:48.600 It's got who is addressed to in the question. 1114 00:50:48.600 --> 00:50:52.863 So starting off with to Stephanie from Barrington Chungulo. 1115 00:50:54.900 --> 00:50:58.290 He says, don't start with capital, start with community. 1116 00:50:58.290 --> 00:51:00.240 Can you please elaborate on that 1117 00:51:00.240 --> 00:51:01.890 a bit more for us, Stephanie? 1118 00:51:01.890 --> 00:51:04.890 And then going on from that to Graham, 1119 00:51:04.890 --> 00:51:08.030 and I think to Dawson as well, it says, 1120 00:51:08.030 --> 00:51:10.590 in Africa we lack supportive ecosystems 1121 00:51:10.590 --> 00:51:12.480 for social enterprises. 1122 00:51:12.480 --> 00:51:15.300 The question is how can we build supportive ecosystems 1123 00:51:15.300 --> 00:51:18.750 for social enterprises in Africa or anywhere else? 1124 00:51:18.750 --> 00:51:21.900 So could we start with that one please, Stephanie? 1125 00:51:21.900 --> 00:51:22.770 Sure. Thank you. 1126 00:51:22.770 --> 00:51:24.370 And thank you for that question. 1127 00:51:26.610 --> 00:51:29.403 I think the idea of, if you start with capital, 1128 00:51:30.510 --> 00:51:34.860 then you are restricted and required 1129 00:51:34.860 --> 00:51:37.590 to first of all consider the maximum return 1130 00:51:37.590 --> 00:51:39.930 on that capital, right? 1131 00:51:39.930 --> 00:51:42.123 So that moves you in a certain direction. 1132 00:51:43.170 --> 00:51:44.890 When you start with community 1133 00:51:46.530 --> 00:51:50.160 then your first concern is how can these resources 1134 00:51:50.160 --> 00:51:53.490 be better deployed and leveraged 1135 00:51:53.490 --> 00:51:55.413 to make this community healthy? 1136 00:51:56.730 --> 00:51:59.910 So you might make a choice, you'll make a different choice. 1137 00:51:59.910 --> 00:52:03.120 For example, and this goes back, 1138 00:52:03.120 --> 00:52:06.000 somebody mentioned PRIs, that's a perfect example, 1139 00:52:06.000 --> 00:52:09.570 because for many, many years 1140 00:52:09.570 --> 00:52:12.270 charitable foundations put money 1141 00:52:12.270 --> 00:52:15.540 in whatever they could put it in to get the best return 1142 00:52:15.540 --> 00:52:19.893 and then they deployed the returns as charity. 1143 00:52:20.730 --> 00:52:23.760 So they were required with one half of their brain 1144 00:52:23.760 --> 00:52:28.260 to put capital first, meaning, how do I maximise the return? 1145 00:52:28.260 --> 00:52:29.400 But then the other half is, 1146 00:52:29.400 --> 00:52:31.920 how do I deploy that in the community? 1147 00:52:31.920 --> 00:52:36.450 When PRIs programme related investments started 1148 00:52:36.450 --> 00:52:39.510 they realised that they really could put community first 1149 00:52:39.510 --> 00:52:43.290 and invest in local things, get a return, 1150 00:52:43.290 --> 00:52:47.226 and still have a return to deploy out as charity. 1151 00:52:47.226 --> 00:52:51.600 So it's really a lens by which you decide 1152 00:52:51.600 --> 00:52:53.349 how to use your capital. 1153 00:52:53.349 --> 00:52:56.520 And Stephanie, I want to add in the class 1154 00:52:56.520 --> 00:52:59.160 there's an architectural metaphor that we use, 1155 00:52:59.160 --> 00:53:01.293 which is form follows function. 1156 00:53:02.370 --> 00:53:04.110 Form follows function. 1157 00:53:04.110 --> 00:53:07.590 So the function is what's the problem 1158 00:53:07.590 --> 00:53:10.740 you're trying to solve, who's impacted, 1159 00:53:10.740 --> 00:53:14.040 and how does capital flow to address that issue? 1160 00:53:14.040 --> 00:53:16.380 It's not, I want to return on investment, 1161 00:53:16.380 --> 00:53:18.900 therefore I'm going to do something, 1162 00:53:18.900 --> 00:53:21.900 it's, what's the problem you're trying to solve 1163 00:53:21.900 --> 00:53:24.660 and how do you build an investment around that? 1164 00:53:24.660 --> 00:53:27.510 And Dawson, we had this conversation, 1165 00:53:27.510 --> 00:53:30.030 do you want to build a bank or should we build a bank 1166 00:53:30.030 --> 00:53:31.830 or is it a fund? 1167 00:53:31.830 --> 00:53:34.830 So the strategies that we deploy in social finance 1168 00:53:34.830 --> 00:53:38.910 can be things, whether it's real estate, or private equity, 1169 00:53:38.910 --> 00:53:41.760 or whether it's foundations, or government funding, 1170 00:53:41.760 --> 00:53:43.620 or a blending of all those. 1171 00:53:43.620 --> 00:53:45.270 At the end of the day, 1172 00:53:45.270 --> 00:53:50.270 you understand your impact by whose life or the planet 1173 00:53:50.730 --> 00:53:53.970 or the issue that you're solving, you're trying to address. 1174 00:53:53.970 --> 00:53:56.130 Not, did I make money first. 1175 00:53:56.130 --> 00:53:58.710 And so we actually are spending a lot of time 1176 00:53:58.710 --> 00:54:01.560 on the continent of Africa with our colleagues 1177 00:54:01.560 --> 00:54:03.780 who'll be talking about specific investments. 1178 00:54:03.780 --> 00:54:07.410 I do run a fellowship with Frank Aswani 1179 00:54:07.410 --> 00:54:10.080 and Africa Venture Philanthropy Alliance, 1180 00:54:10.080 --> 00:54:14.700 specifically on how do you grow social enterprises 1181 00:54:14.700 --> 00:54:17.010 based on the problem that you're trying to solve 1182 00:54:17.010 --> 00:54:18.810 and what's the capital need? 1183 00:54:18.810 --> 00:54:21.120 So those are the pieces that I think are really essential, 1184 00:54:21.120 --> 00:54:25.620 but form follows function, not I need to make a profit 1185 00:54:25.620 --> 00:54:27.690 then I'll structure the deal. 1186 00:54:27.690 --> 00:54:29.550 And programme related investments, 1187 00:54:29.550 --> 00:54:31.320 we'll get into the weeds on this one, 1188 00:54:31.320 --> 00:54:36.320 is a US, UK, Switzerland, quasi Germany approach. 1189 00:54:36.900 --> 00:54:39.660 The world doesn't have that for the most part, 1190 00:54:39.660 --> 00:54:41.310 programme related investments, 1191 00:54:41.310 --> 00:54:44.850 but it is structuring investments that have an impact 1192 00:54:44.850 --> 00:54:46.350 by answering the question, 1193 00:54:46.350 --> 00:54:48.210 what's the problem you're trying to solve, 1194 00:54:48.210 --> 00:54:50.670 the communities that you seek to serve. 1195 00:54:50.670 --> 00:54:52.740 And that's really important. 1196 00:54:52.740 --> 00:54:53.610 Other questions? 1197 00:54:53.610 --> 00:54:54.930 I diverted us, 1198 00:54:54.930 --> 00:54:56.850 but I wanted to go into a little bit of more depth on that. 1199 00:54:56.850 --> 00:54:57.683 Yeah. 1200 00:54:57.683 --> 00:55:00.470 I think we're going to go to Graham if we can, 1201 00:55:00.470 --> 00:55:03.090 to ask about how we build supportive ecosystems 1202 00:55:03.090 --> 00:55:04.263 social enterprises? 1203 00:55:05.580 --> 00:55:06.413 Thanks Steve. 1204 00:55:06.413 --> 00:55:08.280 And I'm going to sideways answer 1205 00:55:08.280 --> 00:55:09.960 one of the other questions quickly as well, 1206 00:55:09.960 --> 00:55:13.110 because the role of government in here to me is the answer 1207 00:55:13.110 --> 00:55:14.160 to how we're building that. 1208 00:55:14.160 --> 00:55:16.563 And it's back to this question we're here on, 1209 00:55:17.610 --> 00:55:19.050 programme related investments 1210 00:55:19.050 --> 00:55:20.760 doesn't cost government anything. 1211 00:55:20.760 --> 00:55:22.140 It's only allowing charities 1212 00:55:22.140 --> 00:55:23.970 to do what they're already meant to be doing anyways. 1213 00:55:23.970 --> 00:55:27.120 It's an example of a light government intervention. 1214 00:55:27.120 --> 00:55:27.953 And I want to say this, 1215 00:55:27.953 --> 00:55:29.490 it's possible for some people listening 1216 00:55:29.490 --> 00:55:31.980 to this conversation, I was making a couple of observations. 1217 00:55:31.980 --> 00:55:36.033 One is they might think this sounds very left wing, right? 1218 00:55:36.900 --> 00:55:39.990 Actually, I would argue it's actually very right wing, 1219 00:55:39.990 --> 00:55:42.060 because if government does the right thing 1220 00:55:42.060 --> 00:55:44.520 it will allow charities and social purpose organisations 1221 00:55:44.520 --> 00:55:47.160 to do their job and lighten regulation 1222 00:55:47.160 --> 00:55:49.950 and the government burden on here. 1223 00:55:49.950 --> 00:55:51.567 Government can de-risk some of these things. 1224 00:55:51.567 --> 00:55:53.730 And that's the second observation. 1225 00:55:53.730 --> 00:55:55.350 When you have problems with ownership, 1226 00:55:55.350 --> 00:55:57.900 traditional finance gets very nervous. 1227 00:55:57.900 --> 00:55:58.733 They think, hold on, 1228 00:55:58.733 --> 00:56:01.290 I'm going to be letting you use some of my capital. 1229 00:56:01.290 --> 00:56:02.970 What are the chances of my getting it back? 1230 00:56:02.970 --> 00:56:04.620 And as soon as you start talking 1231 00:56:04.620 --> 00:56:05.520 to these ownership questions, 1232 00:56:05.520 --> 00:56:08.370 hold on, is it possible you don't even own the asset 1233 00:56:08.370 --> 00:56:09.650 against which I'm... 1234 00:56:10.740 --> 00:56:12.300 Government can de-risk for that. 1235 00:56:12.300 --> 00:56:15.600 And again, is a light way of government intervening. 1236 00:56:15.600 --> 00:56:19.080 So to me, government reap shifting and allowing that. 1237 00:56:19.080 --> 00:56:21.570 And I'm so taken by this metaphor 1238 00:56:21.570 --> 00:56:25.560 that Laura put it forward of soil as a bank 1239 00:56:25.560 --> 00:56:27.990 and getting those flows going again. 1240 00:56:27.990 --> 00:56:30.510 If government can ensure that those flows happen, 1241 00:56:30.510 --> 00:56:33.870 the most exciting news to me for governments 1242 00:56:33.870 --> 00:56:35.610 is that the capital is already there. 1243 00:56:35.610 --> 00:56:37.440 We don't actually need your money, 1244 00:56:37.440 --> 00:56:39.270 we don't need much of your money. 1245 00:56:39.270 --> 00:56:40.920 We just need to let it kind of flow. 1246 00:56:40.920 --> 00:56:42.720 So to me, getting those things right, Steve, 1247 00:56:42.720 --> 00:56:44.640 is the way to help those organisations. 1248 00:56:44.640 --> 00:56:46.740 And the other quick tiny question that was on there 1249 00:56:46.740 --> 00:56:49.290 is how do we do the community work? 1250 00:56:49.290 --> 00:56:53.130 My one line answer is, it's professional work. 1251 00:56:53.130 --> 00:56:56.070 Doing community consultation is not the work of people 1252 00:56:56.070 --> 00:56:58.140 that say, oh, I'm just going to go listen to the neighbours. 1253 00:56:58.140 --> 00:56:59.550 There are professionals who do this, 1254 00:56:59.550 --> 00:57:01.560 and we can work with them and really honour their work 1255 00:57:01.560 --> 00:57:03.150 on the ground and bringing them 1256 00:57:03.150 --> 00:57:04.530 into these financing structures. 1257 00:57:04.530 --> 00:57:05.460 Thanks. 1258 00:57:05.460 --> 00:57:07.260 Yeah, and I think there's one other piece, Graham, 1259 00:57:07.260 --> 00:57:10.710 I want to add to the de-risking concept. 1260 00:57:10.710 --> 00:57:13.830 So blended capital is what social finance is about. 1261 00:57:13.830 --> 00:57:17.310 The World Economic Forum talks about the wicked problems 1262 00:57:17.310 --> 00:57:21.270 and the businesses that are grappling with climate change 1263 00:57:21.270 --> 00:57:23.220 and biodiversity conservation. 1264 00:57:23.220 --> 00:57:26.220 This affects the supply chain of major corporations 1265 00:57:26.220 --> 00:57:27.330 around the world. 1266 00:57:27.330 --> 00:57:28.860 When we think about the World Bank, 1267 00:57:28.860 --> 00:57:32.280 and the Asian Development Bank, 1268 00:57:32.280 --> 00:57:34.840 and the Inner American Development Bank 1269 00:57:35.790 --> 00:57:38.220 that is de-risk capital, 1270 00:57:38.220 --> 00:57:40.950 those are part of our partners that we bring together 1271 00:57:40.950 --> 00:57:44.970 to actually reexamine and rethink regeneration. 1272 00:57:44.970 --> 00:57:49.970 So this is mainstream finance shifting 1273 00:57:52.710 --> 00:57:56.583 into new economic models that are based on sustainability. 1274 00:57:57.450 --> 00:57:59.430 OECD is actively involved. 1275 00:57:59.430 --> 00:58:01.440 We'll be looking at a case study on OECD 1276 00:58:01.440 --> 00:58:06.440 and how you have to shift from GDP to sustainable investing. 1277 00:58:06.810 --> 00:58:09.120 That's not an either/or, it's a both end. 1278 00:58:09.120 --> 00:58:14.120 So but at the end of the day community centric design 1279 00:58:15.360 --> 00:58:17.670 and community-centric investment 1280 00:58:17.670 --> 00:58:22.617 is what the World Bank does, IFC does. 1281 00:58:25.140 --> 00:58:26.520 So it's not an either/or, 1282 00:58:26.520 --> 00:58:30.120 it's how do we deploy this incredible amount 1283 00:58:30.120 --> 00:58:31.410 and diverse capital? 1284 00:58:31.410 --> 00:58:32.940 And how do you negotiate that 1285 00:58:32.940 --> 00:58:35.520 given the unique circumstances? 1286 00:58:35.520 --> 00:58:37.410 If you're preserving the Amazon, 1287 00:58:37.410 --> 00:58:39.660 you're going to be working with large scale government 1288 00:58:39.660 --> 00:58:42.270 to do that as well as philanthropy. 1289 00:58:42.270 --> 00:58:45.240 So it's grappling with those issues. 1290 00:58:45.240 --> 00:58:47.663 Laura do you have anything you want to add to this? 1291 00:58:52.230 --> 00:58:57.230 Yes, I just wanted to say that it's really important 1292 00:58:59.690 --> 00:59:03.400 that we try to engage together the social 1293 00:59:04.860 --> 00:59:06.543 and environmental impact, 1294 00:59:07.470 --> 00:59:09.570 that we see them as indivisible, 1295 00:59:09.570 --> 00:59:12.930 because we are eco-dependent beings 1296 00:59:12.930 --> 00:59:15.030 as well as interdependent beings. 1297 00:59:15.030 --> 00:59:20.030 And I just find that very challenging sometimes. 1298 00:59:21.362 --> 00:59:25.440 And I see that we need to address both at the same time 1299 00:59:25.440 --> 00:59:29.370 so as not to see climate change as one symptom, 1300 00:59:29.370 --> 00:59:33.810 but rather see the whole causality that is transforming 1301 00:59:33.810 --> 00:59:35.493 the economic system. 1302 00:59:37.110 --> 00:59:38.040 That's fantastic. 1303 00:59:38.040 --> 00:59:39.572 So Steve, other questions? 1304 00:59:39.572 --> 00:59:42.933 Did we get Barrington and Jim's? 1305 00:59:44.100 --> 00:59:46.260 Jim, you had a question regarding 1306 00:59:46.260 --> 00:59:49.800 build back better implications for the tribal communities 1307 00:59:49.800 --> 00:59:50.733 in the US. 1308 00:59:52.470 --> 00:59:54.870 Doss, you want to answer that question? 1309 00:59:54.870 --> 00:59:57.450 What are the biggest benefits and risk of the infrastructure 1310 00:59:57.450 --> 01:00:00.330 build back better for tribal communities? 1311 01:00:00.330 --> 01:00:01.860 Yeah, great question. 1312 01:00:01.860 --> 01:00:03.600 Again, just love all the conversation 1313 01:00:03.600 --> 01:00:08.600 and I think when it comes to Native American communities 1314 01:00:10.290 --> 01:00:14.190 in the US I feel like a lot of tribal communities 1315 01:00:14.190 --> 01:00:16.110 are economically invisible, right? 1316 01:00:16.110 --> 01:00:18.390 Certainly we're invisible 1317 01:00:18.390 --> 01:00:22.380 from just generally speaking, 1318 01:00:22.380 --> 01:00:25.017 but I think we're economically invisible, right? 1319 01:00:25.017 --> 01:00:29.980 And so I think, mainstream financial institutions 1320 01:00:31.230 --> 01:00:34.230 aren't ready, haven't been ready 1321 01:00:34.230 --> 01:00:39.230 when federal stimulus support like infrastructure 1322 01:00:41.010 --> 01:00:43.260 or there was a lot of stimulus support 1323 01:00:43.260 --> 01:00:44.910 that went out during the pandemic 1324 01:00:46.020 --> 01:00:48.930 through the CARES Act and things like that 1325 01:00:48.930 --> 01:00:50.430 and American Rescue Plan Act. 1326 01:00:50.430 --> 01:00:52.873 So there's been a lot of stimulus support 1327 01:00:52.873 --> 01:00:55.560 that has flowed to tribal communities, 1328 01:00:55.560 --> 01:00:56.520 but part of what I've seen 1329 01:00:56.520 --> 01:00:58.350 is that like mainstream institutions 1330 01:00:58.350 --> 01:01:00.600 just haven't been able to kind of accommodate 1331 01:01:01.650 --> 01:01:04.530 some of the funding and the projects 1332 01:01:04.530 --> 01:01:07.860 that they were intended to support 1333 01:01:07.860 --> 01:01:10.650 like clinics, hospitals, right? 1334 01:01:10.650 --> 01:01:11.483 Things like that. 1335 01:01:11.483 --> 01:01:15.360 And so I think, having financial support is great 1336 01:01:15.360 --> 01:01:17.160 but if we don't have financial institutions, 1337 01:01:17.160 --> 01:01:19.860 if we don't have an ecosystem that's ready 1338 01:01:19.860 --> 01:01:23.913 to help tribal communities when they get this funding, 1339 01:01:25.020 --> 01:01:26.340 it's going to be a challenge, right? 1340 01:01:26.340 --> 01:01:27.900 And I think that's kind of what we see right now. 1341 01:01:27.900 --> 01:01:30.060 We have a lot of folks who are trying... 1342 01:01:30.060 --> 01:01:32.370 Tribal communities were disproportionately impacted 1343 01:01:32.370 --> 01:01:34.923 by the COVID- 19 pandemic, right? 1344 01:01:36.180 --> 01:01:38.910 Because of lack of water, lack of clinics, 1345 01:01:38.910 --> 01:01:40.710 healthcare facilities. 1346 01:01:40.710 --> 01:01:43.680 And there's been a lot of funds that has come through, 1347 01:01:43.680 --> 01:01:48.680 but because tribal opportunities are sometimes smaller 1348 01:01:48.870 --> 01:01:52.050 than kind of what a healthcare group 1349 01:01:52.050 --> 01:01:54.090 might typically finance, 1350 01:01:54.090 --> 01:01:56.310 I think some tribal communities have had a trouble. 1351 01:01:56.310 --> 01:01:59.280 So I think it's a long winded answer, 1352 01:01:59.280 --> 01:02:00.660 but I think it's great to get support, 1353 01:02:00.660 --> 01:02:01.980 but we need a financial community 1354 01:02:01.980 --> 01:02:06.980 that's able to kind of step up when the support comes. 1355 01:02:07.203 --> 01:02:08.040 I think that's fair. 1356 01:02:08.040 --> 01:02:10.350 I think Steve, we're over, our time. 1357 01:02:10.350 --> 01:02:11.940 I know that you're going to talk a little bit about 1358 01:02:11.940 --> 01:02:14.100 people need to sign up for social finance. 1359 01:02:14.100 --> 01:02:17.730 But Garry, we didn't get to some of your questions, 1360 01:02:17.730 --> 01:02:19.950 the longer runway, 1361 01:02:19.950 --> 01:02:24.950 those innovations we will spend time on and so join us. 1362 01:02:25.320 --> 01:02:26.880 This is the beginning of the conversation. 1363 01:02:26.880 --> 01:02:29.790 It's an illustration of conversation with colleagues 1364 01:02:29.790 --> 01:02:33.240 and friends to try to address the most complex issues 1365 01:02:33.240 --> 01:02:36.210 in the world and it's going to be fun. 1366 01:02:36.210 --> 01:02:37.043 So, Steve. 1367 01:02:39.930 --> 01:02:43.230 Darius, could you get my couple of slides up please? 1368 01:02:43.230 --> 01:02:46.440 So I really just wanted to thank our panel analyst for today 1369 01:02:46.440 --> 01:02:50.790 and just quickly run through the social finance programme, 1370 01:02:50.790 --> 01:02:52.080 which is coming up. 1371 01:02:52.080 --> 01:02:54.240 It runs once a year and it's in September, 1372 01:02:54.240 --> 01:02:56.730 so there's still a chance to apply for this year. 1373 01:02:56.730 --> 01:02:59.640 We have a group of 30 plus people registered, 1374 01:02:59.640 --> 01:03:01.200 but we still have a few final places. 1375 01:03:01.200 --> 01:03:04.233 So please apply if you're thinking of joining. 1376 01:03:05.580 --> 01:03:07.560 Really we will cover what we've covered today 1377 01:03:07.560 --> 01:03:09.683 but in much more detail over five days. 1378 01:03:09.683 --> 01:03:11.850 So we are looking at how to address 1379 01:03:11.850 --> 01:03:13.740 large scale wicked problems, 1380 01:03:13.740 --> 01:03:16.740 systematic problems as described by the SDGs, 1381 01:03:16.740 --> 01:03:19.200 by a blended finance approach. 1382 01:03:19.200 --> 01:03:23.070 We are looking at public, private, ESG, 1383 01:03:23.070 --> 01:03:25.797 philanthropy and so on and building that. 1384 01:03:25.797 --> 01:03:29.400 And we have cases from across a number of sectors. 1385 01:03:29.400 --> 01:03:31.020 So yes, we'll talk about climate, 1386 01:03:31.020 --> 01:03:33.600 but we'll also talk about education, healthcare, 1387 01:03:33.600 --> 01:03:35.220 and so on as well. 1388 01:03:35.220 --> 01:03:40.220 The next programme is 11th to the 15th of September. 1389 01:03:40.680 --> 01:03:44.430 This is part of a suite of programmes which we offer at Oxford 1390 01:03:44.430 --> 01:03:46.710 around the area of impact investing 1391 01:03:46.710 --> 01:03:50.490 and using finance to try and address problems. 1392 01:03:50.490 --> 01:03:52.830 You can see all of those on our website 1393 01:03:52.830 --> 01:03:54.930 which is on the screen now at the bottom. 1394 01:03:54.930 --> 01:03:56.910 So please have a look at that. 1395 01:03:56.910 --> 01:04:00.450 Any questions, shoot me an email. 1396 01:04:00.450 --> 01:04:03.990 My email will be on the next slide, I think, 1397 01:04:03.990 --> 01:04:06.780 or on the website. 1398 01:04:06.780 --> 01:04:11.767 You can send me or my colleague Anabel or Tanil a question. 1399 01:04:11.767 --> 01:04:14.100 And we'll be very happy to get back to you 1400 01:04:14.100 --> 01:04:15.850 and help you with your registration 1401 01:04:16.800 --> 01:04:18.210 over the next three or four weeks really 1402 01:04:18.210 --> 01:04:19.590 to kind of fill out the group. 1403 01:04:19.590 --> 01:04:20.423 So with that, 1404 01:04:20.423 --> 01:04:23.220 really just to say thank you to all our panellists. 1405 01:04:23.220 --> 01:04:27.360 Thank you for Gayle for convening this group for us. 1406 01:04:27.360 --> 01:04:30.240 Stephanie, Dawson, Graham, Laura, 1407 01:04:30.240 --> 01:04:32.280 thank you very much for your time, and thoughts, 1408 01:04:32.280 --> 01:04:33.180 and contribution. 1409 01:04:33.180 --> 01:04:36.720 And thank you everybody for joining us, and your attention, 1410 01:04:36.720 --> 01:04:37.590 and your questions. 1411 01:04:37.590 --> 01:04:38.423 Thank you. 1412 01:04:38.423 --> 01:04:39.450 Hope to see you again soon. 1413 01:04:39.450 --> 01:04:40.650 We'll see you in September. 1414 01:04:40.650 --> 01:04:41.550 How about that? 1415 01:04:41.550 --> 01:04:42.590 Thanks guys, I appreciate it. 1416 01:04:42.590 --> 01:04:46.920 It was wonderful to see you and safe journeys, take care. 1417 01:04:46.920 --> 01:04:47.935 Thank you. 1418 01:04:47.935 --> 01:04:49.935 Bye-bye. Bye.